11 Cited authorities

Ashcroft v. Iqbal
556 U.S. 662 (2009) Cited 260,074 times 281 Legal Analyses
Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint
Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly
550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 273,524 times 368 Legal Analyses
Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green
411 U.S. 792 (1973) Cited 52,793 times 96 Legal Analyses
Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision
Vega v. Hempstead Union Free Sch. Dist.
801 F.3d 72 (2d Cir. 2015) Cited 2,079 times 6 Legal Analyses
Holding that a plaintiff must allege facts that give rise to a minimal inference of discriminatory motivation
Kwan v. Andalex Grp. LLC
737 F.3d 834 (2d Cir. 2013) Cited 1,278 times 6 Legal Analyses
Holding district court properly dismissed without considering the merits of a claim first raised in opposition to motion for summary judgment
Mihalik v. Credit Agricole Cheuvreux N. Am., Inc.
715 F.3d 102 (2d Cir. 2013) Cited 1,233 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that to succeed on an NYCHRL claim, a plaintiff must establish that he "has been treated less well at least in part" because of his membership in a protected class
Bermudez v. the City of N.Y.
783 F. Supp. 2d 560 (S.D.N.Y. 2011) Cited 300 times
Holding that NYSHRL and NYCHRL claims were time-barred where allegations fell outside three-year statute of limitations period
Grillo v. New York City Transit Authority
291 F.3d 231 (2d Cir. 2002) Cited 177 times
Holding that in order to survive summary judgment on a section 1985 claim, a plaintiff must come forward with "at least some credible evidence" that the actions of the defendants were motivated by racial animus
Coleman v. BrokersXpress, LLC
375 F. App'x 136 (2d Cir. 2010) Cited 41 times
Affirming district court's dismissal of pro se complaint without leave to amend after district court "afforded . . . one opportunity to amend the complaint, and [plaintiff] made no specific showing as to how he would cure the defects that persisted if given a second opportunity to amend"
Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing
Fed. R. Civ. P. 12 Cited 354,142 times 943 Legal Analyses
Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
Rule 4 - Summons
Fed. R. Civ. P. 4 Cited 71,334 times 127 Legal Analyses
Holding that if defendant is not served within 90 days after the complaint is filed, the court—on a motion, or on its own following notice to the plaintiff—must dismiss the action without prejudice against that defendant or order that service be made by a certain time

Ahmed v. City of New York Department of Health And Mental Hygiene et al

11 Cited authorities

Holding court need not credit "mere conclusory statements" in complaint

Holding that allegations of conduct that are merely consistent with wrongdoing do not state a claim unless "placed in a context that raises a suggestion of" such wrongdoing

Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision

Holding that a plaintiff must allege facts that give rise to a minimal inference of discriminatory motivation

Holding district court properly dismissed without considering the merits of a claim first raised in opposition to motion for summary judgment

Holding that to succeed on an NYCHRL claim, a plaintiff must establish that he "has been treated less well at least in part" because of his membership in a protected class

Holding that NYSHRL and NYCHRL claims were time-barred where allegations fell outside three-year statute of limitations period

Holding that in order to survive summary judgment on a section 1985 claim, a plaintiff must come forward with "at least some credible evidence" that the actions of the defendants were motivated by racial animus

Affirming district court's dismissal of pro se complaint without leave to amend after district court "afforded . . . one opportunity to amend the complaint, and [plaintiff] made no specific showing as to how he would cure the defects that persisted if given a second opportunity to amend"

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Holding that if defendant is not served within 90 days after the complaint is filed, the court—on a motion, or on its own following notice to the plaintiff—must dismiss the action without prejudice against that defendant or order that service be made by a certain time