550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 265,756 times 364 Legal Analyses
Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
475 U.S. 574 (1986) Cited 112,965 times 38 Legal Analyses
Holding that, on summary judgment, antitrust plaintiffs "must show that the inference of conspiracy is reasonable in light of the competing inferences of independent action or collusive action that could not have harmed" them
Holding that collective allegations do not satisfy a plaintiff's "burden . . . to provide fair notice of the grounds for the claims made against each of the defendants"
522 U.S. 3 (1997) Cited 687 times 16 Legal Analyses
Holding that court of appeals was correct to apply Supreme Court precedent despite its "infirmities, its increasingly wobbly, moth-eaten foundations" (alteration in original)
Holding that the district court properly dismissed plaintiffs' § 1962(c) claims because plaintiffs had not sufficiently pled the acts of mail and wire fraud alleged to form a pattern of racketeering activity
Holding that per se "hub and spoke" theory was not properly pled when complaint detailed specific agreements between multiple insurers and a single broker, but did not allege facts such that the court could infer that the insurers had agreed horizontally to enter into their respective agreements with the broker