39 Cited authorities

Terry v. Ohio
392 U.S. 1 (1968) Cited 38,165 times 73 Legal Analyses
Holding that a police officer who has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity may conduct a brief investigative stop
Navarette v. California
572 U.S. 393 (2014) Cited 1,407 times 14 Legal Analyses
Holding that a motorist's 911 emergency call provided reasonable suspicion of an ongoing crime
Florida v. J. L.
529 U.S. 266 (2000) Cited 2,233 times 17 Legal Analyses
Holding an anonymous tip that a young black man in a plaid shirt was carrying a gun insufficient to create reasonable suspicion
Ybarra v. Illinois
444 U.S. 85 (1979) Cited 1,947 times 13 Legal Analyses
Holding that a search warrant for a tavern and its bartender did not permit body searches of all the bar's patrons
People v. De Bour
40 N.Y.2d 210 (N.Y. 1976) Cited 2,271 times 6 Legal Analyses
In People v. LaPene, 352 N.E.2d 562 (N.Y. 1976), the New York Court of Appeals laid out a sliding scale of justifiable police intrusion, short of probable cause to arrest, which specified three distinct levels of intrusion correlating the allowable intensity of police conduct to the nature and weight of the facts precipitating the intrusion.
People v. Hollman
79 N.Y.2d 181 (N.Y. 1992) Cited 780 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that reasonable suspicion was required before narcotics officers could approach a passenger in a bus terminal and ask for permission to search the person's bag
People v. Hicks
68 N.Y.2d 234 (N.Y. 1986) Cited 547 times 2 Legal Analyses
Determining when a de facto arrest has taken place requires looking to "what a reasonable man, innocent of any crime, would have thought had he been in the defendant's position"
People v. Martinez
80 N.Y.2d 444 (N.Y. 1992) Cited 410 times 1 Legal Analyses
In Martinez, we acknowledged that the “[d]efendant had a right to refuse to respond to a police inquiry and his flight when the officers approached could not, in and of itself, create a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity” (id. at 448, 591 N.Y.S.2d 823, 606 N.E.2d 951 [citation omitted]).
People v. Cantor
36 N.Y.2d 106 (N.Y. 1975) Cited 701 times
Stating that officers are permitted to forcibly stop and detain a person for questioning where the officer has reasonable suspicion that a suspect has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime
People v. Moore
2006 N.Y. Slip Op. 1249 (N.Y. 2006) Cited 255 times
Beginning analysis with the "gunpoint stop" where officers acting on an anonymous tip had arrived at the scene and approached the defendant "who began to walk away"

The People, Respondent,v.John Gayden, Appellant.

39 Cited authorities

Holding that a police officer who has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity may conduct a brief investigative stop

Holding that a motorist's 911 emergency call provided reasonable suspicion of an ongoing crime

Holding an anonymous tip that a young black man in a plaid shirt was carrying a gun insufficient to create reasonable suspicion

Holding that a search warrant for a tavern and its bartender did not permit body searches of all the bar's patrons

Holding that reasonable suspicion was required before narcotics officers could approach a passenger in a bus terminal and ask for permission to search the person's bag

Determining when a de facto arrest has taken place requires looking to "what a reasonable man, innocent of any crime, would have thought had he been in the defendant's position"

In Martinez, we acknowledged that the “[d]efendant had a right to refuse to respond to a police inquiry and his flight when the officers approached could not, in and of itself, create a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity” (id. at 448, 591 N.Y.S.2d 823, 606 N.E.2d 951 [citation omitted]).

Stating that officers are permitted to forcibly stop and detain a person for questioning where the officer has reasonable suspicion that a suspect has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime

Beginning analysis with the "gunpoint stop" where officers acting on an anonymous tip had arrived at the scene and approached the defendant "who began to walk away"