57 Cited authorities

  1. Ashcroft v. Iqbal

    556 U.S. 662 (2009)   Cited 255,498 times   280 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable
  2. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 269,239 times   367 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
  3. Starr v. Baca

    652 F.3d 1202 (9th Cir. 2011)   Cited 5,316 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a series of investigative reports documenting systemic deficiencies in a jail put the defendant-supervisor on notice of the risk of the harm that befell the plaintiff
  4. Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dept

    901 F.2d 696 (9th Cir. 1988)   Cited 16,102 times   5 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a cognizable gender discrimination claim could be brought by a female domestic violence victim where the victim alleged police denied protection and made misogynistic comments including that "he did not blame [the victim's] husband for hitting her, because of the way she was 'carrying on'"
  5. Pliva, Inc. v. Mensing

    564 U.S. 604 (2011)   Cited 749 times   143 Legal Analyses
    Holding that state tort law that required generic drug manufacturers to provide adequate warning labels was preempted where federal law required manufacturers to use the same labels as their brand-name counterparts
  6. Crosby v. Nat'l Foreign Trade Council

    530 U.S. 363 (2000)   Cited 988 times   9 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a state law is not preempted when compliance with state law does not stand as an "obstacle to the accomplishment and execution of the full purposes and objectives of Congress"
  7. Vess v. Ciba-Geigy Corp. USA

    317 F.3d 1097 (9th Cir. 2003)   Cited 4,230 times   3 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the Rule 9(b) pleading standards apply to California CLRA, FAL, and UCL claims because, though fraud is not an essential element of those statutes, a plaintiff alleges a fraudulent course of conduct as the basis of those claims
  8. English v. General Electric Co.

    496 U.S. 72 (1990)   Cited 1,318 times   8 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a tort arising from whistleblower retaliation at a nuclear facility was insufficiently related to radiological safety aspects in the facility's operation
  9. Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. v. White Consolidated Industries, Inc.

    998 F.2d 1192 (3d Cir. 1993)   Cited 6,212 times
    Holding that, when reviewing a motion to dismiss, courts consider "allegations contained in the complaint, exhibits attached to the complaint and matters of public record"
  10. U.S. v. Ritchie

    342 F.3d 903 (9th Cir. 2003)   Cited 3,723 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a court may consider "certain materials—documents attached to the complaint, documents incorporated by reference in the complaint, or matters of judicial notice—without converting the motion to dismiss into a motion for summary judgment"
  11. Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 12   Cited 348,810 times   931 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss
  12. Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8   Cited 157,777 times   196 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."
  13. Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 9   Cited 39,136 times   321 Legal Analyses
    Requiring that fraud be pleaded with particularity
  14. Rule 201 - Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts

    Fed. R. Evid. 201   Cited 28,577 times   26 Legal Analyses
    Holding "[n]ormally, in deciding a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, courts must limit their inquiry to the facts stated in the complaint and the documents either attached to or incorporated in the complaint. However, courts may also consider matters of which they may take judicial notice."
  15. Section 17200 - Unfair competition defined

    Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17200   Cited 17,942 times   315 Legal Analyses
    Prohibiting unlawful business practices
  16. Section 3294 - When damages recoverable for sake of example and by way of punishment; employer liability for acts of employee; death from homicide

    Cal. Civ. Code § 3294   Cited 2,811 times   9 Legal Analyses
    Stating plaintiff may recover punitive damages "in addition to the actual damages"
  17. Section 355 - New drugs

    21 U.S.C. § 355   Cited 2,253 times   341 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to change the date on which an ANDA may be approved if "either party to the action failed to reasonably cooperate in expediting the action"
  18. Section 1770 - [Operative 7/1/2024]

    Cal. Civ. Code § 1770   Cited 699 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Prohibiting "unfair or deceptive acts or practices"
  19. Section 1782 - Notice and demand to correct, repair, replace or rectify goods or services

    Cal. Civ. Code § 1782   Cited 286 times   5 Legal Analyses
    Providing that no action for damages on behalf of a class of consumers may be maintained if a person alleged to have violated section 1770 shows that he or she has identified and notified the members of the class that he or she will remedy the violations upon request and he or she has ceased or will cease to engage in the violations
  20. Section 314.94 - Content and format of an ANDA

    21 C.F.R. § 314.94   Cited 224 times   37 Legal Analyses
    Explaining that products stemming from Drug Efficacy Study Implementation approvals are subject to today's ANDA regulations
  21. Section 314.50 - Content and format of an NDA

    21 C.F.R. § 314.50   Cited 150 times   16 Legal Analyses
    Recognizing the proprietary nature of DSD and SP specifications by requiring that each ANDA applicant provide its own distinct specifications
  22. Section 314.150 - Withdrawal of approval of an application or abbreviated application

    21 C.F.R. § 314.150   Cited 87 times   4 Legal Analyses
    Requiring products to be withdrawn from the market where the FDA revokes approval