555 U.S. 488 (2009) Cited 2,998 times 12 Legal Analyses
Holding that supplementation of the district court record to receive affidavits from the organization's members was not permitted "in the circumstances here: after the trial is over, judgment has been entered, and a notice of appeal has been filed"
Holding that issues presented must be “definite and concrete, not hypothetical or abstract”—that plaintiffs “face a realistic danger of sustaining a direct injury as a result of the statute's operation or enforcement,” rather than an imaginary or speculative injury
Holding that a hiring entity's failure to prove any one of these three prerequisites is sufficient to establish that a worker is an employee, rather than an independent contractor
Holding that plaintiff organization was not required to identify specific members injured “[w]here it [was] relatively clear, rather than merely speculative, that one or more members ha[d] been or w[ould] be adversely affected by defendant's action,” and where the identity of particular members was not necessary for the defendant to “understand and respond” to the claim of injury