46 Cited authorities

Ashcroft v. Iqbal
556 U.S. 662 (2009) Cited 253,227 times 279 Legal Analyses
Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable
Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc.
477 U.S. 242 (1986) Cited 236,388 times 38 Legal Analyses
Holding that summary judgment is not appropriate if "the dispute about a material fact is ‘genuine,’ that is, if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party"
Celotex Corp. v. Catrett
477 U.S. 317 (1986) Cited 216,459 times 40 Legal Analyses
Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"
Pearson v. Callahan
555 U.S. 223 (2009) Cited 22,534 times 8 Legal Analyses
Holding that a court may, without deciding whether there was a constitutional violation, look to the question of whether that right was "clearly established"
Ashcroft v. Al-Kidd
563 U.S. 731 (2011) Cited 8,979 times 9 Legal Analyses
Holding that, to be clearly established, "existing precedent must have placed the statutory or constitutional question beyond debate"
Monell v. New York City Dept. of Social Services
436 U.S. 658 (1978) Cited 67,197 times 15 Legal Analyses
Holding that "local government . . . are 'persons'" for purposes of 42 U.S.C. § 1983
Board of Comm'rs of Bryan County v. Brown
520 U.S. 397 (1997) Cited 12,205 times 2 Legal Analyses
Holding that a "high degree of predictability may also support an inference of causation—that the municipality's indifference led directly to the very consequence that was so predictable"
Kentucky v. Graham
473 U.S. 159 (1985) Cited 19,240 times 1 Legal Analyses
Holding that "an official-capacity suit is, in all respects other than name, to be treated as a suit against the entity," and that "a plaintiff seeking to recover on a damages judgment in an official-capacity suit must look to the government entity itself"
Rizzo v. Goode
423 U.S. 362 (1976) Cited 13,310 times
Holding that plaintiffs lacked standing to obtain injunctive relief against senior police officials to impose tighter police discipline to prevent harm to civilians
Davis v. Monroe County Bd. of Educ.
526 U.S. 629 (1999) Cited 1,951 times 31 Legal Analyses
Holding that the plaintiff sufficiently alleged actionable sexual harassment where her minor daughter suffered "objectively offensive touching" that amounted to "criminal sexual misconduct"
Section 1983 - Civil action for deprivation of rights
42 U.S.C. § 1983 Cited 487,542 times 692 Legal Analyses
Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation
Rule 56 - Summary Judgment
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56 Cited 328,986 times 158 Legal Analyses
Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit
Section 1681 - Sex
20 U.S.C. § 1681 Cited 4,371 times 79 Legal Analyses
Referencing application of Title IX prohibitions to school admissions
Section 3121 - Rape
18 Pa. C.S. § 3121 Cited 1,244 times
Relating to rape
Section 1687 - Interpretation of "program or activity"
20 U.S.C. § 1687 Cited 132 times 5 Legal Analyses
Defining "program or activity"

GOODWIN v. PENNRIDGE SCHOOL DISTRICT et al

46 Cited authorities

Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

Holding that summary judgment is not appropriate if "the dispute about a material fact is ‘genuine,’ that is, if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party"

Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"

Holding that a court may, without deciding whether there was a constitutional violation, look to the question of whether that right was "clearly established"

Holding that, to be clearly established, "existing precedent must have placed the statutory or constitutional question beyond debate"

Holding that "local government . . . are 'persons'" for purposes of 42 U.S.C. § 1983

Holding that a "high degree of predictability may also support an inference of causation—that the municipality's indifference led directly to the very consequence that was so predictable"

Holding that "an official-capacity suit is, in all respects other than name, to be treated as a suit against the entity," and that "a plaintiff seeking to recover on a damages judgment in an official-capacity suit must look to the government entity itself"

Holding that plaintiffs lacked standing to obtain injunctive relief against senior police officials to impose tighter police discipline to prevent harm to civilians

Holding that the plaintiff sufficiently alleged actionable sexual harassment where her minor daughter suffered "objectively offensive touching" that amounted to "criminal sexual misconduct"

Holding liable any state actor who "subjects, or causes [a person] to be subjected" to a constitutional violation

Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit

Referencing application of Title IX prohibitions to school admissions

Relating to rape

Defining "program or activity"