26 Cited authorities

Illinois v. Gates
462 U.S. 213 (1983) Cited 18,954 times 28 Legal Analyses
Holding that a warrant may issue only when probable cause exists under the "totality-of-the-circumstances"
Terry v. Ohio
392 U.S. 1 (1968) Cited 38,169 times 73 Legal Analyses
Holding that a police officer who has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity may conduct a brief investigative stop
Florida v. J. L.
529 U.S. 266 (2000) Cited 2,233 times 17 Legal Analyses
Holding an anonymous tip that a young black man in a plaid shirt was carrying a gun insufficient to create reasonable suspicion
Alabama v. White
496 U.S. 325 (1990) Cited 3,404 times 11 Legal Analyses
Holding that "independent corroboration by the police" of an informant's statements bolsters their credibility
Wong Sun v. United States
371 U.S. 471 (1963) Cited 12,244 times 24 Legal Analyses
Holding evidence stemming from Fourth Amendment violations must be excluded from trial as fruit of the poisonous tree
People v. De Bour
40 N.Y.2d 210 (N.Y. 1976) Cited 2,271 times 6 Legal Analyses
In People v. LaPene, 352 N.E.2d 562 (N.Y. 1976), the New York Court of Appeals laid out a sliding scale of justifiable police intrusion, short of probable cause to arrest, which specified three distinct levels of intrusion correlating the allowable intensity of police conduct to the nature and weight of the facts precipitating the intrusion.
People v. Hollman
79 N.Y.2d 181 (N.Y. 1992) Cited 780 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that reasonable suspicion was required before narcotics officers could approach a passenger in a bus terminal and ask for permission to search the person's bag
People v. Moore
2006 N.Y. Slip Op. 1249 (N.Y. 2006) Cited 255 times
Beginning analysis with the "gunpoint stop" where officers acting on an anonymous tip had arrived at the scene and approached the defendant "who began to walk away"
People v. Dodt
61 N.Y.2d 408 (N.Y. 1984) Cited 360 times
In Dodt, despite the fact that the defendant did not even display a gun when he threatened to shoot his victim, the defendant was found to have abducted his victim by the “threatened use of deadly force.” Id.
People v. Ketcham
93 N.Y.2d 416 (N.Y. 1999) Cited 195 times
Affirming lower court's denial of motion to suppress; evidence that arresting officer received “positive buy” transmission, coupled with a location and description of defendant, was sufficient to establish probable cause to arrest

The People, Respondent,v.Costandino Argyris, Appellant.

26 Cited authorities

Holding that a warrant may issue only when probable cause exists under the "totality-of-the-circumstances"

Holding that a police officer who has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity may conduct a brief investigative stop

Holding an anonymous tip that a young black man in a plaid shirt was carrying a gun insufficient to create reasonable suspicion

Holding that "independent corroboration by the police" of an informant's statements bolsters their credibility

Holding evidence stemming from Fourth Amendment violations must be excluded from trial as fruit of the poisonous tree

Holding that reasonable suspicion was required before narcotics officers could approach a passenger in a bus terminal and ask for permission to search the person's bag

Beginning analysis with the "gunpoint stop" where officers acting on an anonymous tip had arrived at the scene and approached the defendant "who began to walk away"

In Dodt, despite the fact that the defendant did not even display a gun when he threatened to shoot his victim, the defendant was found to have abducted his victim by the “threatened use of deadly force.” Id.

Affirming lower court's denial of motion to suppress; evidence that arresting officer received “positive buy” transmission, coupled with a location and description of defendant, was sufficient to establish probable cause to arrest