Nos. 80-5562, 80-5603. Argued November 2, 1981. Decided February 22, 1982. Decided September 3, 1982. Michael E. Merrill, San Diego, Cal., for Ellis et al. Joseph Rauh, Laurence Gold, Washington, D.C., argued, for Broth. of Railway, et al.; Joseph L. Rauh, Jr., Rauh, Silard Lichtman, Washington, D.C., William J. Donlon, Rockville, Md., on brief. Marsha S. Berzon, San Francisco, Cal., J. Albert Woll, Washington, D.C., for amicus curiae. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern