Holding that "no deportation order may be entered unless it is found by clear, unequivocal, and convincing evidence that the facts alleged as grounds for deportation are true"
In Dabaghian v. Civiletti, 607 F.2d 868 (9th Cir. 1979), it was concluded that the material inquiry in deciding whether to grant permanent residence status is the validity of the marriage from its inception, not the viability.
In Chan v. Bell, 464 F. Supp. 125 (D.D.C. 1978), the INS rejected an American wife's petition under § 204 of the Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1154, to classify her alien husband as a "spouse" under § 201(b) of the Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1151(b).