Chevron U.S.A. v. Natural Res. Def. Council

Holding that courts "must give effect to the unambiguously expressed intent of Congress"

Almendarez-Torres v. United States

Holding that the fact of a prior conviction is not an element of an offense even when it increases a defendant's statutory maximum term of imprisonment

Clay v. U.S.

Holding that in the § 2255 context, "a judgment of conviction becomes final when the time expires for filing a petition for certiorari contesting the appellate court’s affirmation of the conviction"

Johnson v. U.S.

Holding that 18 U.S.C. § 924(e) ’s nearly identical "physical force" clause "means violent force—that is, force capable of causing physical pain or injury to another person"

Connecticut Nat. Bank v. Germain

Holding that § 1292 applies also to bankruptcy jurisdiction and is not displaced by § 158(d)

Rummel v. Estelle

Holding that Texas's recidivist statute did not violate the Eighth Amendment and declining to engage in "extensive intrusion into the basic line-drawing process that is pre-eminently the province of the legislature when it makes an act criminal"

Russello v. United States

Holding that where "Congress includes particular language in one section of a statute but omits it in another section of the same Act," courts presume that "Congress acts intentionally and purposely in the disparate inclusion or exclusion"

Loper Bright Enters. v. Raimondo, Sec'y of Commerce

Holding that a court "may not defer to an agency interpretation of the law simply because a statute is ambiguous"

Young v. United States

Holding that three-year lookback period applicable to tax claims in bankruptcy is subject to equitable tolling

Barnhart v. Peabody Coal Co.

Holding that the Government's untimeliness did not bar it from taking action beyond the statutory deadline

Section 1101 - Definitions

Finding notice and comment rulemaking is required for the agency's interim rule recognizing fear of coercive family practices as basis for refugee status

Section 1227 - Deportable aliens

Granting this discretion to the Attorney General

Section 1229b - Cancellation of removal; adjustment of status

Granting the Attorney General discretion to cancel the removal of an alien who has “been battered or subjected to extreme cruelty by a ... parent who is ... a United States citizen”

Section 1251 - Transferred

Delineating crimes that make alien deportable

Section 1963 - Criminal penalties

Permitting substitution where property forfeitable under § 1963 has been dissipated

Section 22.04 - Injury to A Child, Elderly Individual, or Disabled Individual

Requiring proof, in a first-degree-felony prosecution for injury to a child, of a culpable mental state with respect to the element of "serious bodily injury"

Section 15.01 - Criminal Attempt

Defining criminal attempt

Section 204 - Codes and Supplements as evidence of the laws of United States and District of Columbia; citation of Codes and Supplements