F. W. Woolworth Co.

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Feb 23, 1955

111 N.L.R.B. 766 (N.L.R.B. 1955)

766 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
F. W. WOOLWORTH Co. and RETAIL CLERKS INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIA-
TION , LOCAL No. 1529, AFL, PETITIONER. Case No. 32-RC-775.
February 23,1955
Decision and Certification of Results of Election
Pursuant to a stipulation for certification upon consent election,
an election by secret ballot was conducted on August 20, 1954, under
the direction and supervision of the Regional Director for the
Fifteenth Region, among the employees in the stipulated unit. There-
after, a tally of ballots was furnished the parties showing that, of
approximately 40 eligible voters, 37 cast valid ballots, of which 13
were for and 24 were against the Petitioner. On August 26, 1954,
the Petitioner filed objections to conduct affecting the results of the
election.
In accordance with the Board's Rules and Regulations, the Re-
gional Director conducted an investigation of the matter raised by
the Petitioner's objections and, on November 26, 1954, issued and duly
served upon the parties his report on objections, in which he found
that the objections failed to raise substantial and material issues with
respect to conduct affecting the results of the election, and recom-
mended that the Board overrule the objections and that a certifica-
tion of results of election be issued. Thereafter, on December 6,
1954, the Petitioner filed exceptions to the report on objections.
Upon the entire record in this case, the Board finds :
1. The Employer is engaged in commerce within the meaning of
the Act.
2. The Petitioner is a labor organization claiming to represent cer-
tain employees of the Employer.
3. A question affecting commerce exists concerning the representa-
tion of the employees of the Employer within the meaning of Sec-
tion 9 (c) (1) and Section 2 (6) and (7) of the Act.
4. As stipulated by the parties, the following employees of the
Employer constitute a unit appropriate for the purpose of collective
bargaining, within the meaning of Section 9 (b) of the Act: All em-
ployees of F. W. Woolworth Store Number 620, located at 107 South
Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee, including part-time employees, but
excluding casual employees, professional employees, technical em-
ployees, watchmen, guards, and supervisors as defined in the Act.
Objections to Conduct Affecting Results of Election
In substance, the Petitioner's objections alleged that the Employer:
(1) Threatened employees with loss of employment in the event the
Petitioner won the election; (2) advised the employees that it would
111 NLRB No. 126.
F. W. WOOLWORTH CO. 767
be useless to select the Petitioner as their bargaining representative as
the Employer would not pay wages in excess of 60 cents an hour;
(3) advised employees that the Petitioner would be forced to strike
to compel the Employer to bargain, and that all strikers would be
replaced; and (4) promised benefits to certain employees to vote
against the Petitioner.
In his report, the Regional Director found no evidence to support
objection No. 4. As no exception was filed to this portion of his re-
port, we adopt the finding and recommendation of the Regional Di-
rector, and overrule this objection.
With respect to objections Nos. 1, 2, and 3, it appears that during
the week preceding the election an official of the Employer read a
prepared speech to two groups of employees, which speech contained
the following statements :
Don't you know that the union positively cannot force or com-
pel any company to give fantastic or crazy increases in wages?
What they can do is to take the employees out on strike to at-
tempt to force the company to give crazy increases. You might
as well know it now-we will take a strike before we give any
fantastic increases in wages.
We have taken strikes before. In New Albany, Indiana, for
several months and in Port Arthur, Texas, since November 14,
1953-and that strike is still on.
Strikes hurt everybody but the union organizers. The com-
pany loses sales and the employees lose wages. No striker has ever
regained his lost wages through increases gained by striking.
Another thing, a striker might very well lose his job in an
economic strike because the company can go right out and per-
manently hire an outsider and give that person the job of the
striker. That is the law.
In Bogalusa, Louisiana, our store signed a contract with the
RCIA and the rates in that contract are as follows :
First 3 months--------------------------- .55
3 to 6 months----------------------------- .5750
6 to 12 months----------------------------- .60
12 to 24 months---------------------------- .6250
24 to 36 months---------------------------- .65
Compare that to what you are getting.
In its exceptions Petitioner urges, in substance, that the Employer's
remarks effectively indicated to the employees that union organiza-
tion would avail them nothing; that their wages would suffer as a
result; and that they would be discharged if they engaged in a strike.
We find no merit in these contentions. We agree with the Regional
768 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
Director that the statements quoted above contain no threats of loss
of employment in the event the Petitioner won the election; nor any
suggestion that it would be necessary to strike to compel the Employer
to bargain; nor any suggestion that it would be useless to select a
union as bargaining representative. Neither does the statement by
the Employer to the effect that economic strikers may be permanently
replaced constitute interference with the election, as it is merely an
expression of the Employer's legal position and of his rights under
the Act. In so holding, we are, in accord with our usual practice,
giving effect to the plain meaning of the words used. We must,
therefore, reject the Petitioner's contention that the Employer's lan-
guage is "Aesopian" and that the Board should look behind the
remarks made .' Accordingly, we find that the aforesaid speech was
privileged under Section 8 (c) of the Act, that it did not interfere
with the employees' freedom of choice, and that it does not constitute
a ground for setting aside the election.
In further support of objection No. 1, the Petitioner cites three
instances of allegedly coercive statements by representatives of the
Employer. On one of these occasions, Supervisor Selph stated to
employee Crocker that she would kick her out of the store if she voted
for the Petitioner. However, the investigation by the Regional Di-
rector reveals that Selph and Crocker are good friends; that the
comment was made in a joking fashion; and that both Selph and
Crocker clearly indicated to other employees who overheard the remark
that the statement was made in jest. Under these circumstances, we
find, as did the Regional Director, that this incident does not support
objection No. 1.2
The other two instances upon which the Petitioner relies concern
alleged statements by Supervisor Selph and the store manager, made
about 2 weeks before the election, to the effect that the Employer
would close the store before granting an increase in wages. As to
Supervisor Selph, the Regional Director's investigation disclosed that
the employees would often engage in general conversation concerning
the Petitioner during lunch, and that on 1 or 2 occasions Supervisor
Selph did state that the store could not afford to increase wages and
would close before raising the wages of employees. However, the
Regional Director further found that these conversations were not
initiated by Selph; that the above statement was merely an expression
of Selph's personal opinion in the context of the general discussion;
1 Cf Telechron, Inc, 93 NLRB 474, 475, in which a majority of the Board found certain
language coercive, saying that it would not require employees to look behind the plain
meaning of coercive words to find an unexpressed reason for their utterance
2 The 1'ctitionei contends that this incident occurred on or about August 5, 1954, rather
than on or about July 14, 1954, as the Regional Director 's report on objections states.
in view of our determination that this statement had no coercive effect upon the em-
ployees and did not interfere in any way with their freedom of choice in the election, it is
nnnecessaiy to fix the exact date.
F. W. WOOLWORTH CO. 769
and that there was no evidence that Selph ever threatened that the
Employer would use its economic power to interfere with union
organization.
As to the store manager's statement, the Petitioner questions
whether it was considered by the Regional Director, as the statement
is not referred to in his report on objections. In this connection, the
Petitioner states that it is aware of two affidavits obtained by Board
agents, one of which deals with the above statement and the other
with Supervisor Selph's luncheon remark, which are not referred to
in the report on objections.' However, it would appear that the
affidavit relating to Selph is merely cumulative. As to the affi-
davit concerning the store manager, it allegedly attributes to him
a remark similar to the ones considered by the Regional Director in
his report with respect to Selph and found not to be coercive. Ac-
cordingly, even assuming that the store manager did snake the state-
ment attributed to him by the Petitioner, we find, apart from any
other considerations, that this remark occurring about 2 weeks before
the election provides insufficient basis for setting aside the election.
We therefore find, upon the entire record, that the objections of
the Petitioner concerning the Employer's conduct fail to raise sub-
stantial and material issues with respect to conduct affecting the re-
sults of the election. Accordingly, we adopt the findings and recom-
mendations of the Regional Director and hereby overrule all the
Petitioner's objections, and do also hereby deny its request to remand
the case for hearing on the objections.
As we find no merit in any of the Petitioner's objections, and as
the Petitioner failed to secure a majority of the valid ballots cast,
we shall certify the results of the election.
[The Board certified that a majority of the valid ballots was not
cast for Retail Clerks International Association, Local No. 1529, AFL,
and that said labor organization is not the exclusive representative of
the employees of the Employer in the unit heretofore found
appropriate.]
MEMBER MURDOCK, dissenting :
I do not agree with my colleagues' decision to overrule all the Peti-
tioner's objections and deny its request to remand the case for hearing,
on objections. In its exceptions the Petitioner alleges that the Re-
gional Director has in his possession two affidavits concerning coercive
statements attributed to Supervisor Selph and the store manager
which the Regional Director does not refer to in his report on objec-
3 The statement attributed to Supervisor Selph is, "well , you know that this store is
losing money and Mr Pinson would close the store before he 'd pay you higher wages."
The statement allegedly made by the store manager is ". . . the store would close before
we 11 giNe you a,iy nwie "
770 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
tions. The majority disposes of this allegation by finding that the
affidavit relating to Selph is merely cumulative and the one as to the
store manager merits no further inquiry because the statement attrib-
uted to him is similar to the one made by Selph and found noncoercive.
In my opinion, the majority's abrupt treatment of these exceptions is
wrong. The basis for finding Selph's luncheon statement noncoercive
was that it was merely an expression of personal opinion by a super-
visor in the context of a general discussion. There is a complete ab-
sence of any evidence as to the circumstances under which the state-
ments attributed to Selph and the store manager in the aforemen-
tioned affidavits were made. Nevertheless, the majority finds that
those statements, even if made, were noncoercive because they are sim-
ilar to Selph's luncheon remark. The fallacy in this reasoning is ap-
parent on its face. For these reasons I cannot accept the Regional
Director's recommendations and would direct a hearing to resolve the
material issues of fact raised by the Petitioner's exceptions relating to
the alleged coercive statements made by Supervisor Selph and the
store manager.
GRAND RIVER CHEMICAL DIVISION OF DEERE & COMPANY and OIL
WORKERS INTERNATIONAL UNION, CIO, PETITIONER. Case No.
16-RC-1525. February 23,1955
Decision and Direction of Election
Upon a petition duly filed under Section 9 (c) of the National Labor
Relations Act, a hearing was held before Marvin L. Smith, Jr., hear-
ing officer. The hearing officer's rulings made at the hearing are free
from prejudicial error and are hereby affirmed.
Upon the entire record in this case, the Board finds :
1. The Employer is engaged in commerce within the meaning of
the Act.
2. The labor organizations involved claim to represent certain em-
ployees of the Employer.
3. A question affecting commerce exists concerning the representa-
tion of employees of the Employer within the meaning of Section 9
(c) (1) and Section 2 (6) and (7) of the Act.
4. The Employer is a subsidiary of Deere & Company engaged in
the manufacture of such products as anhydrous ammonia and urea and
various types of fertilizers at Pryor, Oklahoma. It is a new operation
which has been in the process of construction for the past year and a
half. The Petitioner seeks a unit of all operating and maintenance em-
ployees. Approximately 98 employees are in the unit sought by the Pe-
titioner, representing approximately 85 percent of the anticipated full
111 NLRB No. 121. -