369 U.S. 736 (1962) Cited 712 times 29 Legal Analyses
Holding that "an employer's unilateral change in conditions of employment under negotiation" is a violation of the National Labor Relations Act because "it is a circumvention of the duty to negotiate"
Holding that a district court may not certify a class without ruling that each Rule 23 requirement is met, even if a requirement overlaps with a merits issue
Affirming the Board's conclusion that the sporadic use of per diem employees for employee shortages was not equivalent to a past practice of subcontracting that would have allowed the defendant hospital to act unilaterally in hiring subcontractors
Holding that employer was not required to bargain over subcontracting because decision was based on reduced productivity, damaged product, customer complaints, and employee theft rather than labor costs