Tex. R. App. P. 47.7

As amended through February 20, 2024

Rule 47.7 - Citation of Unpublished Opinions

(a)Criminal Cases. Opinions and memorandum opinions not designated for publication by the court of appeals under these or prior rules have no precedential value but may be cited with the notation, "(not designated for publication)."

(b)Civil Cases. Opinions and memorandum opinions designated "do not publish" under these rules by the courts of appeals prior to January 1, 2003 have no precedential value but may be cited with the notation, "(not designated for publication)." If an opinion or memorandum opinion issued on or after that date is erroneously designated "do not publish," the erroneous designation will not affect the precedential value of the decision.

Notes and Comments

Comment to 1997 change: This is former Rule 90. Subdivision 47.1 makes clear that a memorandum opinion should not be any longer than necessary. Subdivision 47.5 is amended to make clear that only justices who participated in the decision may file an opinion in the case. Judges who are not on a panel may file an opinion only in respect to a hearing or rehearing en banc. Former Rule 90(h), regarding publication of opinions after the Supreme Court grants review, is repealed.

Comment to 2002 change: The rule is substantively changed to discontinue the use of the "do not publish" designation in civil cases, to require that all opinions of the court of appeals be made available to public reporting services, and to remove prospectively any prohibition against the citation of opinions as authority in civil cases. The rule favors the use of "memorandum opinions" designated as such except in certain types of cases but does not change other requirements, such as those in Pool v. Ford Motor Co., 715 S.W.2d 629, 635-636 (Tex. 1986). An opinion previously designated "do not publish" has no precedential value but may be cited. The citation must include the notation, "(not designated for publication)." Of course, whenever an opinion not readily available is cited, copies should be furnished to the court and opposing counsel.

Comment to 2008 change: Effective January 1, 2003, Rule 47 was amended to prospectively discontinue designating opinions in civil cases as either "published" or "unpublished." Subdivision 47.7 is revised to clarify that, with respect to civil cases, only opinions issued prior to the 2003 amendment and affirmatively designated "do not publish" should be considered "unpublished" cases lacking precedential value. All opinions and memorandum opinions in civil cases issued after the 2003 amendment have precedential value. The provisions governing citation of unpublished opinions in criminal cases are substantively unchanged. Subdivisions 47.2 and 47.7 are amended to clarify that memorandum opinions are subject to those rules.