Rule 3.956 - Review Hearings; Probation Violation(A) Review Hearings in Delayed Imposition of Sentence Cases.(1) When Required. If the court entered an order of disposition delaying imposition of sentence, the court shall conduct a review hearing to determine whether the juvenile has been rehabilitated and whether the juvenile presents a serious risk to public safety.(a) Time of Hearing. (i) Annual Review. The court shall conduct an annual review of the probation, including, but not limited to, the services being provided to the juvenile, the juvenile's placement, and the juvenile's progress in placement. In conducting the review, the court must examine any report prepared under MCL 803.223, and any report prepared by the officer or agency supervising probation. The court may order changes in the juvenile's probation on the basis of the review including, but not limited to, imposition of sentence.(ii) Review on Request of Institution or Agency. If an institution or agency to which the juvenile was committed believes that the juvenile has been rehabilitated and does not present a serious risk to public safety, the institution or agency may petition the court to conduct a review hearing at any time before the juvenile becomes 19 years of age or, if the court has extended jurisdiction, any time before the juvenile becomes 21 years of age.(iii) Mandatory Review. The court shall schedule a review hearing to be held within 42 days before the juvenile attains the age of 19, unless adjourned for good cause.(iv) Final Review. The court shall conduct a final review of the juvenile's probation not less than 91 days before the end of the probation period.(b) Notice of Hearing. Notice of the hearing must be given at least 14 days before the hearing to (i) the prosecuting attorney;(ii) the agency or the superintendent of the institution or facility to which the juvenile has been committed;(iv) if the address or whereabouts are known, the parent, guardian, or legal custodian of the juvenile. The notice must clearly indicate that the court may extend jurisdiction over the juvenile or impose sentence and must advise the juvenile and the parent, guardian, or legal custodian of the juvenile that the juvenile has a right to an attorney.
(2) Appointment of Attorney. The court must appoint an attorney to represent the juvenile unless an attorney has been retained. The court may assess the cost of providing an attorney as costs against the juvenile or those responsible for the juvenile's support, or both, if the persons to be assessed are financially able to comply.(3) Evidence; Commitment Report. The court may consider the commitment report prepared as provided in MCL 803.225 and any report prepared upon the court's order by the officer or agency supervising probation.(4) Burden of Proof; Findings.(a) Before the court may continue jurisdiction over the juvenile or impose sentence, the prosecuting attorney must demonstrate by a preponderance of the evidence that the juvenile has not been rehabilitated or that the juvenile presents a serious risk to public safety. The Michigan Rules of Evidence, other than those with respect to privileges, do not apply. In making the determination, the court must consider the following factors:(i) the extent and nature of the juvenile's participation in education, counseling, or work programs;(ii) the juvenile's willingness to accept responsibility for prior behavior;(iii) the juvenile's behavior in the current placement;(iv) the juvenile's prior record, character, and physical and mental maturity;(v) the juvenile's potential for violent conduct as demonstrated by prior behavior;(vi) the recommendation of the institution, agency, or facility charged with the juvenile's care for the juvenile's release or continued custody;(vii) any other information the prosecuting attorney or the juvenile submit.(b) Before the court may impose a sentence at the final review hearing, the court must determine that the best interests of the public would be served by the imposition of a sentence provided by law for an adult offender. In making the determination, the court must consider the following factors, in addition to the criteria specified in subrule (4)(a):(i) the effect of treatment on the juvenile's rehabilitation;(ii) whether the juvenile is likely to be dangerous to the public if released;(iii) the best interests of the public welfare and the protection of public security.(5) Sentencing credit. If a sentence of imprisonment is imposed, the juvenile shall receive credit for the time served on probation.(B) Violation of Probation in Delayed Imposition of Sentence Cases.(1) Subsequent Conviction. If a juvenile placed on probation under an order of disposition delaying imposition of sentence is found by the court to have violated probation by being convicted of a felony or a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year, or adjudicated as responsible for an offense that if committed by an adult would be a felony or a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year, the court shall revoke probation and sentence the juvenile to imprisonment for a term that does not exceed the penalty that could have been imposed for the offense for which the juvenile was originally convicted and placed on probation.(2) Other Violations of Probation. If a juvenile placed on probation under an order of disposition delaying imposition of sentence is found by the court to have violated probation other than as provided in subrule (B)(1), the court may impose sentence or may order any of the following for the juvenile:(a) A change in placement.(c) Substance abuse counseling.(d) Mental health counseling.(e) Participation in a vocational-technical program.(f) Incarceration in the county jail for not more than 30 days if the present county jail facility would meet all requirements under federal law and regulations for housing juveniles, and if the court has consulted with the sheriff to determine when the sentence will begin to ensure that space will be available for the juvenile. If the juvenile is under 18 years of age, the juvenile must be placed in a room or ward out of sight and sound from adult prisoners.(g) Other participation or performance as the court considers necessary.(3) Hearing. The probation violation hearing must be conducted pursuant to MCR 3.944(C).(4) Sentencing Credit. If a sentence of imprisonment is imposed, the juvenile must receive credit for the time served on probation.(C) Determination of Ability to Pay. A juvenile and/or parent shall not be detained or incarcerated for the nonpayment of court-ordered financial obligations as ordered by the court, unless the court determines that the juvenile and/or parent has the resources to pay and has not made a good-faith effort to do so.Amended May 25, 2016, effective 9/1/2016; amended May 3, 2023, effective 5/3/2023.