Filed February 16, 2011
18 U.S.C. § 2339B(a)(1). Section 2339B(a)(1) defines “engage in terrorist activity” by reference to section 212(a)(3)(B) of the Immigration and National Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(3)[B], and defines “engage in terrorism” by reference to section 140(d)(2) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989, 22 U.S.C. § 2656f(d)(2). 49 Section 2339B also includes separate reporting provision and corresponding civil penalties relating to a financial institution’s possession of an FTO’s funds.
Filed December 21, 2015
This critical requirement recognizes that what distinguishes terrorism from other dangerous and unlawful conduct is use of violence to achieve political or policy goals. See, e.g., United States v. Hicks, 997 F.2d 594, 599 (9th Cir. 1993) (noting statutory definition of terrorism, for purposes of annual State Department reports, as “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents”) (emphasis added) (quoting 22 U.S.C. § 2656f(d)(2)); U.S. Army Field Manual No. FM 3-0, ch.