9 Cited authorities

  1. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

    550 U.S. 544 (2007)   Cited 263,703 times   364 Legal Analyses
    Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
  2. Conley v. Gibson

    355 U.S. 41 (1957)   Cited 58,311 times   25 Legal Analyses
    Holding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"
  3. Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins

    490 U.S. 228 (1989)   Cited 4,599 times   161 Legal Analyses
    Holding that an employer discriminated on the basis of sex when he "act[ed] on the basis of a belief that a woman cannot be aggressive, or that she must not be"
  4. Herbert v. National Academy of Sciences

    974 F.2d 192 (D.C. Cir. 1992)   Cited 1,134 times
    Holding that on a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b), a court may consider the facts alleged in the complaint, supplemented by undisputed facts evidenced in the record, and disputed facts in the record that have been resolved by the district court
  5. Nichols v. Azteca Rest. Enters., Inc.

    256 F.3d 864 (9th Cir. 2001)   Cited 552 times   2 Legal Analyses
    Holding employer liable where its "solution" failed "to deter future harassment"
  6. Haase v. Sessions

    835 F.2d 902 (D.C. Cir. 1987)   Cited 645 times   1 Legal Analyses
    Holding that the Court may look beyond the allegations in the complaint to resolve a motion to dismiss for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction
  7. Certiorari Denied

    531 U.S. 1153 (2001)   Cited 14 times

    FEBRUARY 20, 2001 00-1120. KOUKIOS v. GANSON ET AL. C.A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 229 F.3d 1152. 00-1121. KOZEL v. ATTORNEY REGISTRATION AND DISCIPLINARY COMMISSION. Sup.Ct. Ill. Certiorari denied. 00-1127. STANLEY v. UNITED STATES. C.A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 219 F.3d 1117. 00-1133. GARDNER v. UNITED STATES ET AL. C.A.D. Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 213 F.3d 735. 00-1138. PEREZ v. Z FRANK OLDSMOBILE, INC. C.A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported

  8. Gardner v. U.S.

    213 F.3d 735 (D.C. Cir. 2000)   Cited 34 times
    Referring to the "broad language" of the provision
  9. Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 12   Cited 342,515 times   917 Legal Analyses
    Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss