Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

In re Burlington Coat Factory

Holding that a court may consider a "document integral to or explicitly relied upon in the complaint" when deciding a motion to dismiss

ATSI Communications, Inc. v. Shaar Fund, Ltd.

Holding that deception occurs when "investors are misled to believe that prices at which they purchase and sell securities are determined by the natural interplay of supply and demand, not rigged by manipulators"

Herman MacLean v. Huddleston

Holding that an express remedy under § 11 of the 1933 Act for misleading registration statements did not preclude an overlapping implied private cause of action for fraudulent misrepresentation under § 10(b) of the 1934 Act

Boykin v. Keycorp

Holding that when a plaintiff proceeds pro se, the district court "is obliged to construe his pleadings liberally" and noting that "the dismissal of a pro se claim as insufficiently pleaded is appropriate only in the most unsustainable of cases."

Novak v. Kasaks

Holding section 78u-4(b) does not literally require pleading of all facts, so long as facts pleaded provide adequate basis for believing statements were false

Rombach v. Chang

Holding that complaint may establish scienter through facts showing that defendants "had both motive and opportunity to commit fraud"

Kramer v. Time Warner Inc.

Holding that the Court may consider matters of which judicial notice may be taken under Federal Rule of Evidence 201

Lentell v. Merrill Lynch Co., Inc.

Holding that to prove loss causation, a plaintiff must allege "that the misstatement or omission concealed something from the market that, when disclosed, negatively affected the value of the security"

Staehr v. Hartford Financial Serv

Holding that matters judicially noticed by a court "are not considered matters outside the pleadings"

Rule 15 - Amended and Supplemental Pleadings

Finding that, per N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 1024, New York law provides a more forgiving principle for relation back in the context of naming John Doe defendants described with particularity in the complaint

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Permitting "[m]alice, intent, knowledge, and other conditions of a person's mind [to] be alleged generally"

Section 78u-4 - Private securities litigation

Granting courts authority to permit discovery if necessary "to preserve evidence or to prevent undue prejudice to" a party

Section 77k - Civil liabilities on account of false registration statement

Holding liable for a false registration statement "every person who was a director of . . . or partner in the issuer" at time of filing

Section 77m - Limitation of actions

Establishing a one-year statute of limitations for §§ 11 and 12 claims which begins to run upon "the discovery of the untrue statement or omission, or after such discovery should have been made by the exercise of reasonable diligence"

Section 210.4-01 - Form, order, and terminology

Incorporating GAAP into SEC disclosure requirements

Section 230.412 - Modified or superseded documents