18 Cited authorities

Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc.
477 U.S. 242 (1986) Cited 235,819 times 38 Legal Analyses
Holding that summary judgment is not appropriate if "the dispute about a material fact is ‘genuine,’ that is, if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party"
Celotex Corp. v. Catrett
477 U.S. 317 (1986) Cited 215,979 times 40 Legal Analyses
Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"
Univ. of Tex. Sw. Med. Ctr. v. Nassar
570 U.S. 338 (2013) Cited 5,195 times 78 Legal Analyses
Holding that application of the " ‘because’ of" requirement of Title VII's antiretaliation provision requires proof of "but-for" causation
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green
411 U.S. 792 (1973) Cited 52,115 times 95 Legal Analyses
Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision
Gross v. FBL Financial Services, Inc.
557 U.S. 167 (2009) Cited 4,469 times 83 Legal Analyses
Holding that the Age Discrimination in Employment Act's language "because of such individual's age," required plaintiff show "age was the ‘but-for’ cause of the employer's adverse decision"
Gorzynski v. Jetblue Airways Corp.
596 F.3d 93 (2d Cir. 2010) Cited 1,525 times 8 Legal Analyses
Holding that non-African American plaintiff had established a prima facie claim of Title VII retaliation stemming from "concerns she expressed on behalf of an African–American coworker"
Fincher v. Depository Trust
604 F.3d 712 (2d Cir. 2010) Cited 1,175 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that the failure to investigate an employee's complaint does not contribute to nor constitute a hostile work environment
Galabya v. New York City Bd. of Educ
202 F.3d 636 (2d Cir. 2000) Cited 1,383 times
Holding that teacher's reassignment from a "special education, junior high school keyboarding class" to a "mainstream high school keyboarding class" was not an adverse employment action, as there was no evidence reassignment could "constitute a setback to the plaintiff's career"
Delaney v. Bank of Am. Corp.
766 F.3d 163 (2d Cir. 2014) Cited 523 times 1 Legal Analyses
Finding that supplemental jurisdiction is proper when claims are based on the same set of events and derive from a common nucleus of operative fact
Vasquez v. Empress Ambulance Serv., Inc.
835 F.3d 267 (2d Cir. 2016) Cited 144 times 6 Legal Analyses
Holding that "the ‘cat's paw’ theory may be used to support recovery for claims of retaliation in violation of Title VII"
Rule 56 - Summary Judgment
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56 Cited 328,160 times 158 Legal Analyses
Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit
Section 623 - Prohibition of age discrimination
29 U.S.C. § 623 Cited 10,065 times 51 Legal Analyses
Holding that under the ADEA, it is unlawful to discriminate against individuals who are at least forty years of age

Frankel v. Tjx Companies, Inc.

18 Cited authorities

Holding that summary judgment is not appropriate if "the dispute about a material fact is ‘genuine,’ that is, if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party"

Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"

Holding that application of the " ‘because’ of" requirement of Title VII's antiretaliation provision requires proof of "but-for" causation

Holding in employment discrimination case that statistical evidence of employer's general policy and practice may be relevant circumstantial evidence of discriminatory intent behind individual employment decision

Holding that the Age Discrimination in Employment Act's language "because of such individual's age," required plaintiff show "age was the ‘but-for’ cause of the employer's adverse decision"

Holding that non-African American plaintiff had established a prima facie claim of Title VII retaliation stemming from "concerns she expressed on behalf of an African–American coworker"

Holding that the failure to investigate an employee's complaint does not contribute to nor constitute a hostile work environment

Holding that teacher's reassignment from a "special education, junior high school keyboarding class" to a "mainstream high school keyboarding class" was not an adverse employment action, as there was no evidence reassignment could "constitute a setback to the plaintiff's career"

Finding that supplemental jurisdiction is proper when claims are based on the same set of events and derive from a common nucleus of operative fact

Holding that "the ‘cat's paw’ theory may be used to support recovery for claims of retaliation in violation of Title VII"

Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit

Holding that under the ADEA, it is unlawful to discriminate against individuals who are at least forty years of age