45 Cited authorities

Miller-El v. Cockrell
537 U.S. 322 (2003) Cited 48,433 times 14 Legal Analyses
Holding that the government's exclusion of 10 out of 14, or 91%, of Black prospective jurors—along with the state's unreliable justifications—showed purposeful discrimination
Batson v. Kentucky
476 U.S. 79 (1986) Cited 15,232 times 61 Legal Analyses
Holding that the Equal Protection Clause applies to the use of peremptory strikes
Miller-El v. Dretke
545 U.S. 231 (2005) Cited 2,698 times 15 Legal Analyses
Holding that a prosecutor “would have cleared up any misunderstanding by asking further questions” if he truly considered a race-neutral characteristic grounds for a peremptory strike
Hernandez v. New York
500 U.S. 352 (1991) Cited 3,862 times 17 Legal Analyses
Holding that evaluation of a prosecutor's credibility "lies `peculiarly within a trial judge's province'"
Purkett v. Elem
514 U.S. 765 (1995) Cited 3,007 times 7 Legal Analyses
Holding a Court of Appeals erred by combining Batson’s second and third steps
Snyder v. Louisiana
552 U.S. 472 (2008) Cited 1,364 times 9 Legal Analyses
Holding that District Court determinations as to discriminatory intent are findings of fact reviewed only for clear error
Powers v. Ohio
499 U.S. 400 (1991) Cited 2,545 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that a white defendant has standing to challenge strikes of black jurors
Johnson v. California
545 U.S. 162 (2005) Cited 1,391 times 5 Legal Analyses
Holding that the People v. Wheeler, 22 Cal.3d 258, 148 Cal.Rptr. 890, 583 P.2d 748 and Batson standards are different, and that the less demanding Batson standard controls
Johnson v. California
543 U.S. 499 (2005) Cited 811 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that "express racial classifications" remain subject to strict scrutiny even in the prison context
Georgia v. McCollum
505 U.S. 42 (1992) Cited 1,182 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that the Equal Protection Clause prohibits a criminal defendant from using peremptory challenges to exclude jurors on the basis of race
Section 2000e-2 - Unlawful employment practices
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 Cited 28,206 times 168 Legal Analyses
Adopting case law prior to June 4, 1989, “with respect to the concept of ‘alternative employment practice’ ”
Section 1982 - Property rights of citizens
42 U.S.C. § 1982 Cited 2,594 times 13 Legal Analyses
Providing for damages in cases of intentional racial employment discrimination

The People, Respondent,v.Joseph Bridgeforth, Appellant.

45 Cited authorities

Holding that the government's exclusion of 10 out of 14, or 91%, of Black prospective jurors—along with the state's unreliable justifications—showed purposeful discrimination

Holding that the Equal Protection Clause applies to the use of peremptory strikes

Holding that a prosecutor “would have cleared up any misunderstanding by asking further questions” if he truly considered a race-neutral characteristic grounds for a peremptory strike

Holding that evaluation of a prosecutor's credibility "lies `peculiarly within a trial judge's province'"

Holding a Court of Appeals erred by combining Batson’s second and third steps

Holding that District Court determinations as to discriminatory intent are findings of fact reviewed only for clear error

Holding that a white defendant has standing to challenge strikes of black jurors

Holding that the People v. Wheeler, 22 Cal.3d 258, 148 Cal.Rptr. 890, 583 P.2d 748 and Batson standards are different, and that the less demanding Batson standard controls

Holding that "express racial classifications" remain subject to strict scrutiny even in the prison context

Holding that the Equal Protection Clause prohibits a criminal defendant from using peremptory challenges to exclude jurors on the basis of race

Adopting case law prior to June 4, 1989, “with respect to the concept of ‘alternative employment practice’ ”

Providing for damages in cases of intentional racial employment discrimination