564 U.S. 338 (2011) Cited 6,620 times 504 Legal Analyses
Holding in Rule 23 context that “[w]ithout some glue holding the alleged reasons for all those decisions together, it will be impossible to say that examination of all the class members' claims for relief will produce a common answer”
Adopting a balancing approach with guidance from Blair and Mowbray and adding two additional "guideposts": the nature and status of the litigation and the likelihood that future events would make immediate review more or less appropriate
Holding that a denial of class certification should be vacated and remanded "to the extent it turned on the [incorrect] notion that Green could not serve as a class representative"
Holding that the issue of whether or not the defendant had a policy of discrimination did not predominate over the specific factual and legal issues as to whether each individual class member was harmed by the alleged conduct
Holding that it is improper for a district court to accept the allegations in a plaintiff's complaint as true at the class certification stage and that if a question of fact or law is relevant to the determination of whether the requirements of Rule 23 have been satisfied, "then the district court has a duty to actually decide it and not accept it as true or construe it in anyone's favor"
Fed. R. Civ. P. 23 Cited 34,840 times 1232 Legal Analyses
Holding that, to certify a class, the court must find that "questions of law or fact common to class members predominate over any questions affecting only individual members"
Fed. R. Evid. 1006 Cited 1,734 times 6 Legal Analyses
Allowing a "summary, chart, or calculation to prove the content of voluminous writings, recordings, or photographs that cannot be conveniently examined in court."