Technical Tape Corp.

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Jan 4, 1962

135 N.L.R.B. 38 (N.L.R.B. 1962)

38 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
Technical Tape Corporation, and W. Ralston and Co., Inc. and'
Milk Drivers and Dairy Employees Union Local No. 338,
Westchester County and . Vicinity, International Brotherhood
of Teamsters , Chauffeurs , Warehousemen and Helpers of
America. Case No. 22-CA-957. January 4, 1962
DECISION AND ORDER
On October 26, 1961, Trial Examiner Thomas A. Ricci issued his
Intermediate Report in the above-entitled proceeding, finding that the
Respondent had engaged in and was engaging in certain unfair labor
practices and recommending that it cease and desist therefrom and
take certain affirmative action, as set forth in the Intermediate Report
attached hereto. Thereafter, the Respondent filed exceptions to the
Intermediate Report together with a supporting brief.
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3 (b) of the National Labor
Relations Act, the Board has delegated its powers in connection with
this case to a three-member panel [Members Leedom, Fanning, and
Brown].
The Board has reviewed the rulings of the Trial Examiner made at
the hearing and finds that no prejudicial error was committed. The
rulings are hereby affirmed. The Board has considered the Intermedi-
ate Report, the exceptions and brief, and the entire record in the case,
and hereby adopts the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of
the Trial Examiner.
ORDER
The Board adopts the Recommended Order of the Trial Examiner
with the modifications that provisions 2(a) and 2(b) read in accord
with footnotes 2 and 3 of said Recommended Order.
INTERMEDIATE REPORT AND RECOMMENDED ORDER
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
This proceeding, with all parties represented, was heard before the duly designated
Trial Examiner in Newark, New Jersey, on September 28 and 29 and October 5,
1961, on complaint of the General Counsel and answer by Technical Tape Corpora-
tion, and W. Ralston and Co., Inc., herein called the Company or the Respondent.
The sole issue litigated was whether the Respondent had violated Section 8(a)(1)
of the Act.
Upon the entire record, and from my observation of the witnesses, I make the
following:
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS
1. THE BUSINESS OF THE RESPONDENT
The Respondent consists of corporations organized under the laws of the State
of New York and operates plants in New Rochelle and Beacon , New York , and Old
Bridge, New Jersey , where it is engaged in the manufacture , sale, and distribution of
industrial adhesive tapes and related products . During the past year the Respondent
has caused , in the operation of its business, to be manufactured , sold, and distributed
135 NLRB No. 2.
TECHNICAL TAPE CORP., AND W. RALSTON & CO., INC. 39'
at said plants products valued at in excess of $500,000, of which products valued in
excess of $50,000 , were shipped in interstate commerce directly from the States of
New York and New Jersey to other States of the United States. I find that the Re-
spondent is engaged in commerce within the meaning of Section 2(6) and ( 7) of the
statute and that it will effectuate the policies of the Act to exercise jurisdiction herein.
II. THE LABOR ORGANIZATION INVOLVED
Milk Drivers and Dairy Employees Union Local No. 338, Westchester County and
Vicinity, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and
Helpers of America, herein called the Union, is a labor organization within the
meaning of Section 2(5) of the Act.
III. THE UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
The Union started an organizational campaign among the employees of the Re-
spondent's plant in Old Bridge, New Jersey, in late April or early May 1961. It filed
a petition seeking an election and on June 28, 1961, a direction of election based
thereon was issued by the Regional Director. The election was held the following
month and the Union lost, with 7 votes in favor of the Union and 44 against.
The complaint alleges that during the month of May, Alex Pacyna, the plant
manager, illegally interrogated the employees concerning their union activities and
threatened them with discrimination in their employment in retaliation. On behalf of
the General Counsel five witnesses testified in support of the complaint, all employed
during the month of May and three still at work. Each of them quoted the plant
manager as having made illegal and coercive statements to them. The plant manager,
in defense, denied from the witness stand the direct testimony of the employees. If
the testimony of the employee witnesses is to be believed, there is no question but
that the plant manager's statements constituted illegal interference and coercion in
the self-organizational rights of employees guaranteed by Section 7 of the statute.
Thus the only question to be resolved on this record is one of credibility, whether
Pacyna's denials outweigh the testimony of the employees.
David Newbold worked for the Respondent as an operator for 3 years and was
released on May 19, 1961. He testified that on May 18 he asked the plant manager
whether it was true another employee had accused Newbold of coercing signatures
to union cards and that Pacyna replied, "No " He went on to say Pacyna added
if he finds the names of the guys that are signing the union card he is going
to have to let them go. . . ... Newbold said he would go to the Labor Board if that
happened and Pacyna then continued ". . . well, the hell with the Labor Board, he
said, he will take care of them." Newbold continued to testify that the next day
Pacyna asked him had he signed a union card. Newbold refused to reply, and, as his
testimony continued, ". . . he [Pacyna] pulls a sheet of paper out of his pocket and
said `I have a list of all the people that had signed a card.' I said to him, `Pat, that
is confidential material. You or no one else could obtain it.' He said, `well, I have
a pretty good gestapo around here.' So I said-he said, `you guys on the list I will
have to let go.' I said, `well, if'-I said it to him again, `if I am let go for such a
reason , I will go to the Labor Board.' He said, `the hell with the Labor Board, they
are a bunch of idiots.' He asked me if I knew any other employees that had signed
the card. I told him again that it is my business and none of the Company's and I
would rather drop this type of conversation, so we dropped it."
Stanley Murasko, 3 or 4 years in the Company's employ and still at work, testified
that early in May the plant manager spoke to him on two occasions at his machine.
He testified that the first time ". . . he [Pacyna] told me that he heard from someone
that I was passing out union cards in the plant, that he was surprised to hear this.
Then he told me that I have a mind of my own, to do what I wish, `but I would like
to give you a friendly word of advice. Keep your nose clean and stay out of trouble.' "
A few days later, still according to Murasko, Pacyna discussed with him what the
Union had to offer and then added: "He said that he would bet that if the Union
got in , win, that they, the Company, would close the plant up and move out."
Raymond Smigocki, 3 years an employee and still at work, testified that one day in
May he, together with other employees and friends, was working on a boat with
the plant manager . He said Pacyna approached him and asked if he had signed
a union card and that he replied he had but was not going to vote for the Union.
Smigocki continued to testify that the next day at work the plant manager went to
him and said he knew the employee had signed a card but was going to vote against
the Union, but that "after this keep your-nose clean."
John Lohman, 13 years a helper at the plant and still working there, testified that
one day in May, as he was cleaning the office, the plant manager ". . . asked me if
40 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
I'signed the union card and I said, `no.' He said, `John, keep your nose clean.' He
said, `you know what happened to you once before."'
Carl Sylvester, who was also laid off on May 19, 1961, said that Pacyna spoke of
the Union with him on four occasions during the month of May. He said the first
time the plant manager said the Union was organizing incorrectly, that it should do
so secretly. A few days later, as Sylvester recalled, Pacyna said to him "the fellows
that did sign for a union would be without a job if the Union didn't get in. If they
did get in, the plant would be shut down." Sylvester continued that a week or so
later Pacyna asked him whether he had signed a union card, and that a few days-
after that Pacyna again inquired and this time Sylvester said "yes." At this point
Pacyna said, still according to Sylvester ". . . well, I better, as far as the Union goes,
I better think some other way because the fellows that signed the card would be out
of a job. They didn't want a union in the plant."
To assist in his cross-examination of each of these five employees counsel for the
Respondent used their earlier affidavits given to Board investigators . No serious
inconsistencies developed between the oral testimony and the written statements.
From the witness stand Murasko placed the two conversations he had with Pacyna
3 days apart; in his affidavit they appeared as on successive days. He also testified
he had signed a union card "early in May," whereas in the affidavit he said he had-
done so "three weeks ago"-the affidavit dated June 26. On direct examination
Sylvester recalled four separate conversations with Pacyna and told what he remem-
bered having been said at each of them. On cross-examination he varied somewhat
the number of days that may have elapsed between conversations, and placed certain
statements of the plant manager in talks other than the ones as enumerated on direct.
He did not claim, at any point, ability to recall the precise dates of any of the conver-
sations; they occurred while he was at work in the normal course of the plant man-
ager's routine walks to check operations throughout the plant. The substance of the
employees' testimony was in no way shaken on cross-examination . Two of the wit-
nesses, Newbold and Sylvester, were shown to have criminal records. I deem this fact
of minor significance here, in view of their demeanor as witnesses , the candid and
straightforward testimony they gave, its pattern consistency with the like testimony
of the three other witnesses who are still in the Respondent's employ, and the admis-
sions contained in the testimony of the plant manager himself.
In contrast, Pacyna's testimony, viewed in its entirety, together with his demeanor
on the stand, impressed me unfavorably. On direct examination he denied having
asked any employees whether they had signed union cards, having voiced any threat
of discharge or to close the plant in consequence of union activities, or, indeed, of
ever having discussed the Union with any of the employees. His denials were precise
and pinpointed to the various statements attributed to him by the employee witnesses.'
Despite his repeated assertion he never "talked" about the Union with anyone, he did
admit having told Lohman: "I just said to him, somebody says he signed a card.
That was it." He even added he reminded Lohman of a strike that had occurred in,
1952 when "the operations were closed and every employee was discharged."
Pacyna said he knew of the organizational activities when they started early in
May. The clear burden of his story, repeated again and again, was that individual
employees came to him, singly, simply to tell him that they had signed union cards.
He mentioned five or six who did so, including some who testified here: he insisted
all this was unsolicited, that not one of the employees told him why he brought such
information to the plant manager, and that he, Pacyna, made no inquiry at all.
Pacyna also repeated several times in his direct testimony that whenever an employee
came to him with such information his rejoinder was that he did not care about
the subject, that they could do as they wished, and that he was not interested Indeed,
he created the impression that the entire subject made him impatient with the
workmen.
On cross-examination the plant manager's denials began to take on a different
color. Had he spoken to Murasko about a union card? "I didn't have a conver-
sation with him. I just asked Stanley, I said I heard from a certain panty here that
you signed a union card, and Stanley said they are a goddam liar, nobody did." A
curious conversation started by a manager who was impatient with and had no inter-
est in the'employees' union activities.
Had he spoken to Lohman about the Union? "I did not." You never spoke to
John Lohman about the union card9 "I spoke to John Lohman maybe two or three-
mavbe-I heard he signed a union card . I didn 't care." Did he tell New-
bold that he, Pacvna, had a list of employees? "I definitely did not. .. . I never
told him I had the list. I told them I have a piece of paper, of the guys that
might have signed union cards. . . . I said I might have had a piece of paper
and told them that there was nothing on the piece of paper."
TECHNICAL TAPE CORP., AND W. RALSTON & CO., INC. 41
As the cross-examination proceeded: "You told employees that you had a list of
names of employees who had signed cards because these employees had told you
so?" "That's correct." "Did you not pull a piece of paper out of your pocket?"
"I did not pull any paper out. . I am sure of that. I did not. If I pulled anything
out, I pulled out a pay check." "Did you ever pull a piece of paper out of your
pocket and say to Raymond Smigocki, Emil Jaison, or John Dzep . . . `look,
I know who signed union cards?"' "I do not."
-At,this point Pacyna was confronted with his earlier affidavit, which he admitted
having signed and understood. Among other things his affidavit contains the fol-
lowing statement: . to Raymond Smigocki, Emil Jaison, John Dzep, after
May 19, 1961, I said, taking a piece of paper out of my pocket, `look, I know who
signed cards' "
Pacyna was then asked had he ever told -employees he thought he knew who had
signed cards. His answer was clear- "I did not:" Again, in contradiction, his affi-
davit contains the following statement: "I 'told my foreman and John Dzep during
the course of a general conversation that-I thought I knew who signed the cards for
the Union." --
Whenever Pacyna's testimony conflicts with that of the employee witnesses I credit
the employees. His story that a number of-individual employees approached him
merely to- advise him they had signed union cards with nothing more I find highly
'implausible. Pacyna's testimony is not only vague and evasive at many points, but
also contains the most patent inconsistencies. It is impossible to reconcile his re'
peated assertions that he kept telling the employees he was not interested in their
union activities with his admitted conduct of flashing a purported list of those who
had signed in their faces. He kept saying he never talked about the Union with any
employees, and yet admitted that a number -of times he himself- raised thesubjeot
-by telling them he knew they had signed cards. -
Pacyna's final position respecting the "paper" he waved at the employees was that
nothing was written on it at all, but that the employees did not know this He came
forth with no explanation of why he went around impressing the employees with
his knowledge as to the identity of the prounion workmen. This fact, coupled with
the means that were required finally to extract the truth from him as to what he did
say and do convinces me that his purpose necessarily was to intimidate in one way
or another In these circumstances the testimony of the employees that he-said-he
would fire the culprits gains persuasion.
,On -the basis of the credited testimony of the employee witnesses, I find that by
the following statements of Plant Manager Pacyna the Respondent violated Section
8(a) (1) of the statute: (1) interrogation of employees as to whether they had signed
union cards; 1 (2) statements to employees that those who signed the union cards
would be released; and (3) statements to employees that the plant would be closed
if the Union prevailed.
IV. THE EFFECT OF THE UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES UPON COMMERCE I
The activities of the Respondent set forth in section III, above, occurring in con-
nection with its operations set forth in section I, above, have a close, intimate, and
substantial relation to trade, traffic, and commerce among the several States, and
tend to lead to labor disputes burdening and obstructing commerce and the free
flow thereof
Upon the basis of the foregoing findings of fact, and upon the entire record in the
case, I make the following:
CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
1. Technical Tape Corporation, and W. Ralston and Co, Inc., is an employer
within the meaning of Section 2(2) of the Act.
2. By interrogating employees as to whether they had signed union cards, by telling
employees that those who signed union cards would be released, and by telling
employees that the plant would be closed if the Union prevailed, the Respondent
has interfered with, restrained, and coerced its employees in the exercise of the
rights guaranteed by Section 7 of the Act and has thereby committed unfair labor
-practices within the meaning of Section 8(a) (1) of the Act.
3. The aforesaid unfair labor practices are unfair labor practices within the mean-
ing of Section 2(6) and (7) of the Act.
1 Blue Flash Express, Inc, 109 NLRB 591
42 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
RECOMMENDED ORDER
Upon the basis of the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, and upon
the entire record in the case, the Trial Examiner recommends that Technical Tape
Corporation, and W. Ralston and Co., Inc., Old Bridge, New Jersey, its officers,
agents, successors , and assigns , shall:
1. Cease and desist from interrogating employees as to whether they had signed
union cards, telling employees that those who signed union cards would be released,
telling employees that the plant would be closed if the Union prevailed, or in any
like or related manner interfering with, restraining, or coercing employees in the
exercise of their right to self organization, to bargain collectively through repre-
sentatives of their own choosing, or to engage in concerted activities for the purposes
of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection , or to refrain from any or
all such activities, except to the extent that such rights may be affected by an agree-
ment requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment,
as authorized in Section 8 (a) (3) of the Act.
2. Take the following affirmative action designed to effectuate the policies of the
Act:
(a) Post at its plant in Old Bridge, New Jersey, copies of the notice attached
hereto marked "Appendix." 2 Copies of said notice, to be furnished by the Regional
Director for the Twenty-second Region, shall, upon being duly signed by the
Respondent's representative, be posted by it immediately upon receipt thereof, and
be maintained by it for a period of 60 consecutive days thereafter, in conspicuous
places, including all places where notices to employees are chstomarily posted.
Reasonable steps shall be taken by the Respondent to inshre that said notices are
not altered, defaced, or covered by any other material.
(b) Notify the Regional Director for the Twenty -second Region , in writing,
within 20 days from the receipt of this Intermediate Report and Recommended
Order, what steps the Respondent has taken to comply herewith.3
It is further recommended that unless within 20 days from the date of the service
of this Intermediate Report and Recommended Order the Respondent notifies said
Regional Director that it will comply with the foregoing recommendations, the
Board issue an order requiring the Respondent to take the aforesaid action.
2In the event that these recommendations be adopted by the Boaid, the words "A Deci-
sion and Order" shall be substituted for the words "The Recommendations of a Trial
Examiner" in the notice In the event that this Order is enforced by a decree of a United
States Court of Appeals, there shall be substituted for the words "Pursuant to a Decision
and Order" the words "Pursuant to a Decree of the United States Court of Appeals,
Enforcing an Order."
3In the event that these Recommendations be adopted by the Board, this provision shall
be modified to read : "Notify the Regional Director for the Twenty-second Region, in
writing, within 10 days from the date of this Order, what steps the Respondent has taken
to comply herewith "
APPENDIX
NOTICE TO ALL EMPLOYEES
Pursuant to the Recommendations of a Trial Examiner of the National Labor
Relations Board, and in order to effectuate the policies of the National Labor Re-
lations Act, we hereby notify our employees that:
WE WILL NOT tell our employees that those who sign union cards will be
released, or tell our employees that the plant will be closed if the union prevails.
WE WILL NOT coercively or unlawfully interrogate our employees regarding
their union membership or activities.
WE WILL NOT in any like manner interfere with, restrain, or coerce our em-
ployees in the exercise of their right to self-organization, to form labor organiza-
tions, to join or assist Milk Drivers and Dairy Employees Union Local No 338,
Westchester County and Vicinity, International Brotherhood of Teamsters,
Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America, or any other labor organi-
zation, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and
to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or
other mutual aid or protection, and to refrain from any or all such activities.
All our employees are free to become or to refrain from becoming or remaining
members of Milk Drivers and Dairy Employees Union Local No 338. Westchester
County and Vicinity, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Ware-
LABORERS AND HOD CARRIERS UNION , LOCAL 652 43
housemen and Helpers of America , or any other labor organization , except to the
extent that this right may be affected by an agreement in conformity with Section
8(a)(3) of the Act.
TECHNICAL TAPE CORPORATION, AND
W. RALSTON AND CO., INC.,
Employer.
Dated------------------- By-------------------------------------------
(Representative) (Title)
This notice must remain posted for 60 days from the date hereof , and must not be
altered , defaced , or covered by any other material.
Laborers and Hod Carriers Union , Local 652, AFL-CIO and
Jimmie I. Davis and Hood-River-Neill , a Joint Venture and
International Hod Carriers ' Building and Common Laborers'
Union of America , Parties to the Contract . Case No. 21-CB-
1544. January 5, 1962
DECISION AND ORDER
On February 14, 1961, Trial Examiner Eugene K. Kennedy issued
his Intermediate Report in the above-entitled proceeding, finding that
the Respondent had engaged in and was engaging in certain unfair
labor practices and recommending that it cease and desist therefrom
and take certain affirmative action, as set forth in the Intermediate
Report attached hereto. Thereafter, the Respondent filed exceptions
to the Intermediate Report, together with a supporting brief, while
the General Counsel filed a brief in support of his position.
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3(b) of the National Labor
Relations Act, the Board has delegated its powers in connection with
this case to a three-member panel [Chairman McCulloch and Mem-
bers Leedom and Brown].
The Board has reviewed the rulings of the Trial Examiner made
at the hearing and finds that no prejudicial error was committed. The
rulings are hereby affirmed. The Board 1 has considered the Inter-
mediate Report, the exceptions 2 and briefs, and the entire record in
this case, and hereby concludes, for reasons hereinafter stated, that
the complaint should be dismissed in its entirety, contrary to the
recommendations of the Trial Examiner.
' The Respondent's request for oral argument is denied as the record , including the
exceptions and briefs , adequately presents the issues and positions of the parties
'we find no merit in the Respondent 's exception to the Trial Examiner 's finding that the
Employer is engaged in commerce within the meaning of the Act. The record shows that
the Employer , a joint venture, was organized to install a pipeline in California for the
Southern California Gas Company and Southern Counties Gas Company, for which it
received in excess of $1 million The record further shows that each of these gas com-
panies purchase goods and materials in excess of $50 ,000 annually from out-of-State
sources, and that each has an annual gross business volume in excess of $250,000. Accord-
ingly, we find that the Employer is engaged in commerce, and that it will effectuate the
policies of the Act to assert jurisdiction herein Siemens Mailing Service , 122 NLRB 81.
135 NLRB No. 7.