Summary
In Youngevity, where the plaintiff had republished the Verified Complaint and summarized the substance of the Verified Complaint in a press release, the Ninth Circuit held that “republication of the Verified Complaint and the dissemination of the Youngevity press release to its distributors and the marketing community (which had such a substantial interest) constitute protected speech,” and defendant therefore could not prevail on counterclaims relating to that dissemination.
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No. 18-55031
01-24-2019
YOUNGEVITY INTERNATIONAL CORP.; et al., Plaintiffs-counter-claim-defendants-Appellants, v. WILLIAM ANDREOLI; et al., Defendants-counter-claimants-plaintiffs-Appellees.
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
D.C. No. 3:16-cv-00704-BTM-JLB MEMORANDUM Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of California
Barry Ted Moskowitz, Chief Judge, Presiding Argued and Submitted December 3, 2018 Pasadena, California Before: TASHIMA and IKUTA, Circuit Judges, and KENNELLY, District Judge.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
The Honorable Matthew F. Kennelly, United States District Judge for the Northern District of Illinois, sitting by designation.
Youngevity International Corporation appeals the partial denial of its special motion to strike some of Wakaya Corporation's counterclaims to Youngevity's complaint. See Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 425.16. Youngevity also appeals the district court's denial of Youngevity's motion to dismiss certain counterclaims on the ground they are subject to an arbitration provision in Youngevity's distributor agreement. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, see Batzel v. Smith, 333 F.3d 1018, 1024 (9th Cir. 2003) (holding that the denial of an anti-SLAPP motion is appealable under § 1291) and 9 U.S.C. § 16(a)(1) (permitting appeal from the denial of a motion to compel arbitration).
Because exhibits one through six of Wakaya's supplemental excerpts of record were not before the district court at the time of its December 13, 2017 order, see Lowry v. Barnhart, 329 F.3d 1019, 1024 (9th Cir. 2003), we GRANT Youngevity's motion to strike those exhibits. To the extent Youngevity moves to strike arguments in Wakaya's pleadings, however, that motion is DENIED. We also DENY Wakaya's motion to supplement the record on appeal with excerpts from a deposition that were not before the district court. See id.
We reject Youngevity's argument that Wakaya's counterclaims must be struck in their entirety because they are based on statements by Youngevity that are protected by section 425.16. Because California courts review each statement within a pleading, and strike only protected statements, see Baral v. Schnitt, 1 Cal. 5th 376, 390-92 (2016), we separately consider each statement that Youngevity argues is protected under section 425.16.
We lack jurisdiction to review the district court's determination that Joel Wallach's oral statements, Steve Wallach's email, and Michelle Wallach's alleged emails constitute commercial speech and therefore are not protected by the anti-SLAPP statute. See Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 425.17(c). Such a determination is not subject to interlocutory review. See Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 425.17(e); Breazeale v. Victim Servs., 878 F.3d 759, 766 (9th Cir. 2017).
We reverse the district court's decision not to strike those portions of Wakaya's counterclaims based on the republication of the Verified Complaint and the Youngevity press release, which summarized the substance of the Verified Complaint. California's litigation privilege applies to communications made in judicial proceedings, see Cal. Civ. Code § 47(b), and extends to communications regarding such judicial proceedings made to people with "a substantial interest in the outcome of the pending litigation," see Abraham v. Lancaster Cmty. Hosp., 217 Cal. App. 3d 796, 823 (1990); see also Argentieri v. Zuckerberg, 8 Cal. App. 5th 768, 783-84 (2017) (indicating that the litigation privilege protects statements made to persons with a "substantial interest" in the litigation, but not statements made to "the general public through the press"). For this reason, the republication of the Verified Complaint and the dissemination of the Youngevity press release to its distributors and the marketing community (which had such a substantial interest) constitute protected speech. Therefore, to the extent Wakaya's counterclaims are based on the republication of the Verified Complaint and Youngevity's press release, Wakaya cannot carry its burden of showing there is a probability that it will prevail on those claims, see Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 425.16(b).
Because we decide on this ground, we do not reach the district court's ruling that there is a factual dispute as to whether BFH constituted a "public journal" for purposes of the fair reporting privilege, see Cal. Civ. Code § 47(d), nor do we need define the term "public journal" under California law.
Finally, we affirm the district court's denial of Youngevity's motion to dismiss or compel arbitration. Youngevity litigated its own claims that were based on the same factual nexus as Wakaya's claims for eighteen months before seeking to compel arbitration. Because Youngevity acted inconsistently with the arbitration provision in its distributor agreement, and this inconsistent conduct was prejudicial to Wakaya, Wakaya carried its burden of proving that Youngevity waived its right to arbitrate. See Britton v. Co-op Banking Grp., 916 F.2d 1405, 1412 (9th Cir. 1990).
Each party shall bear its own costs on appeal.
DISMISSED IN PART, AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED IN PART.