Opinion
Argued November 16th, 1871
Decided November 20th, 1871
H. Whittaker, Jr., for appellant.
S. Hand, for respondent.
This court cannot correct any supposed errors of the jury in the assessment of damages. It is not unlikely that the jury, believing that a gross and deliberate fraud had been perpetrated by the defendant, awarded a very liberal indemnity to the plaintiff, and had the Supreme Court thought the damages excessive, that court might have corrected the error, but no such discretion rests with us. There was no error in the admission in evidence of the declarations of the defendant, as to a fact material to the issue, although such declarations were inconsistent with and tended to contradict the testimony of the wife of the defendant, who had been called as a witness in behalf of the plaintiff. The declarations and admissions of a party to the record, of any fact material to the issue, are always competent evidence against him. ( Marvin v. Richmond, 3 Denio, 58.) And although a party may not impeach or assail the credibility of his own witness by general evidence, or by showing that he had previously made statements inconsistent with his testimony, he may prove on the merits by independent testimony, the truth of a particular fact in direct contradiction to the testimony of the witness. ( Thompson v. Blanchard, 4 Comst., 303.)
The objection to evidence of the declaration of the defendant, that he had sold the pony for $400, which was a material fact, was general, a naked objection without a statement of any grounds for it, or reasons for excluding the evidence. The testimony was competent in itself, and if there were any reasons for its exclusion, growing out of the proceedings upon the trial, or the prior examination and statements of the witness, they should have been stated, and the attention of the court called to them. The objection was insufficient in form, but if all the reasons alleged here had been properly assigned on the trial, the exception taken to the admission of the evidence could not have been sustained. It was within the discretion of the judge at the trial, to permit a witness to be recalled to a fact in respect to which he had before testified, and to explain, qualify or contradict his former statements, and the discrepancy in the statements only affects his credibility. A court of review cannot revise or reverse the decision of the judge at the trial, in a matter properly resting in his discretion. ( Wright v. Wilcox, 9 C.B., 650; People v. Cook, 4 Seld., 67.) There was no error in refusing the motion for a nonsuit. The plaintiff had given evidence tending to prove the cause of action; that the defendant, while acting as the agent and friend of the plaintiff, had falsely pretended to have disposed of the horses, and upon such representations had induced the plaintiff, to yield his claims and assent to the disposals thus claimed to have been made, when in truth the defendant had converted the horses to his own use or sold them for large prices. No error was committed by the court to the prejudice of the defendant with the jury, and if he has suffered at the hands of the jury, he has no redress in this court. The judgment must be affirmed.
All concur.
Judgment affirmed.