From Casetext: Smarter Legal Research

Whittaker v. Capello

United States District Court, E.D. Michigan, Southern Division
Mar 31, 2010
Case Number: 10-CV-11051 (E.D. Mich. Mar. 31, 2010)

Opinion

Case Number: 10-CV-11051.

March 31, 2010


OPINION AND ORDER GRANTING PETITIONER'S REQUEST TO STAY HABEAS CORPUS PROCEEDINGS AND ADMINISTRATIVELY CLOSING CASE


Petitioner Nigel Lee Whittaker, a Michigan state inmate currently incarcerated at the Baraga Maximum Correctional Facility in Baraga, Michigan, filed a pro se petition for a writ of habeas corpus, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254, alleging that he is incarcerated in violation of his constitutional rights. (Dkt. # 1.) On June 24, 2005, following a jury trial in the Wayne County, Michigan, Third Circuit Court, Petitioner was convicted of armed robbery, MICH. COMP. LAWS § 750.529, four counts of criminal sexual conduct, first degree, MICH. COMP. LAWS § 750.520B1b, and home invasion, first degree, MICH. COMP. LAWS § 750.110A2. On November 4, 2005, he was subsequently sentenced as a habitual offender, third, to twenty-six to fifty years in prison for the armed-robbery conviction and forty-six to seventy years in prison for each of the remaining convictions.

Pending before the Court is Petitioner's "Motion to Stay Proceedings and Hold Petition in Abeyance." (Dkt. # 3.) In his request, Petitioner claims that the issues presented to the state courts are meritorious, and is therefore asking the Court's permission to stay these proceedings until the state appellate courts have ruled on his post-conviction motion. For the reasons set forth below, the Court GRANTS Petitioner's request and therefore stays the habeas-corpus proceedings.

I.

Following his sentencing, Petitioner filed an appeal of right with the Michigan Court of Appeals, presenting a single claim: that he was entitled to a new trial because the trial court abused its discretion in denying his motions to adjourn and for a new trial. On March 27, 2007, the Michigan Court of Appeals affirmed his convictions and sentences. People v. Whittaker, No. 267043, 2007 WL 914342 (Mar. 27, 2007).

Subsequently, Petitioner filed an application for leave to appeal that decision with the Michigan Supreme Court, raising the same claim raised in the Court of Appeals. The Michigan Supreme Court denied the application on July 30, 2007. People v. Whittaker, 479 Mich. 867, 735 N.W.2d 236 (2007).

Following, Petitioner filed a post-conviction motion in state court, which was denied on March 17, 2009. People v. Whitaker, No. 05-007110-01 (Wayne County Third Circuit Court, Mar. 17, 2009). Petitioner is in the process of appealing that decision. He filed the present habeas petition on March 16, 2010.

II.

The doctrine of exhaustion of state remedies requires state prisoners to "fairly present" their claims as federal-constitutional issues in the state courts before raising those claims in a federal-habeas-corpus petition. See 28 U.S.C. § 2254(b)(1)(A) and (c); O'Sullivan v. Boerckel, 526 U.S. 838, 842 (1999); McMeans v. Brigano, 228 F.3d 674, 681 (6th Cir. 2000). The exhaustion requirement is satisfied if a prisoner invokes one complete round of the state's established appellate review process, including a petition for discretionary review to a state supreme court. O'Sullivan, 526 U.S. at 845. A prisoner "`fairly presents' his claims to the state courts by citing a provision of the Constitution, federal decisions using constitutional analysis, or state decisions employing constitutional analysis in similar fact patterns." Levine v. Torvik, 986 F.2d 1506, 1516 (6th Cir. 1993); see also Prather v. Reese, 822 F.2d 1418, 1420 (6th Cir. 1987) (holding that "[o]rdinarily, the state courts must have had the opportunity to pass on defendant's claims of constitutional violations"). A Michigan prisoner must present each ground to both Michigan appellate courts before seeking federal-habeas-corpus relief. See Mohn v. Bock, 208 F.2d 796, 800 (E.D. Mich. 2002). The petitioner bears the burden of showing that state-court remedies have been exhausted. Rust v. Zent, 17 F.3d 155, 160 (6th Cir. 1994).

The Michigan Court Rules provide a process through which Petitioner may raise his unexhausted claims. Petitioner can file a motion for relief from judgment pursuant to Mich.Ct.R. 6.500 et seq., which allows the trial court to appoint counsel, seek a response from the prosecutor, expand the record, permit oral argument, and conduct an evidentiary hearing on Petitioner's claim. Petitioner may appeal the trial court's disposition of his motion for relief from judgment to the Michigan Court of Appeals and Michigan Supreme Court. To obtain relief, he will have to show cause for failing to raise his unexhausted claims on his appeal of right to the Michigan Court of Appeals and resulting prejudice or a significant possibility of innocence. See Mich.Ct.R. 6.508(D)(3). However, he would have to make a similar showing here, if the Court concluded that there was no state remedy to exhaust. Gray v. Netherland, 518 U.S. 152, 161-62 (1996).

A federal district court has the authority to abate or dismiss a habeas action pending resolution of state post-conviction proceedings. Brewer v. Johnson, 139 F.3d 491, 493 (5th Cir. 1998). The Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals has advised that it is preferable for a district court to hold further proceedings on a habeas petition in abeyance pending exhaustion, rather than dismissing the petition without prejudice. Griffin v. Rogers, 308 F.3d 647, 652, n. 1 (6th Cir. 2002); see also Palmer v. Carlton, 276 F.3d 777, 780-81 (6th Cir. 2002) (finding "eminently reasonable" district court's holding dismissing unexhausted claims in habeas petition and staying proceedings on the remaining claims pending exhaustion of state-court remedies).

Having considered the matter, the Court finds that it is appropriate to stay this case, as requested. A federal district court has discretion in "limited circumstances" to stay a habeas action to allow a petitioner to present unexhausted claims to the state courts and then return to federal court on a perfected petition. See Rhines v. Weber, 544 U.S. 269, 277 (2005). For example, stay and abeyance may be appropriate when a habeas petitioner could be precluded from seeking habeas relief due to the application of the one-year statute of limitations. Id. at 276. Stay and abeyance is only appropriate when a district court determines that the petitioner has shown good cause for the failure to first exhaust the claims in state courts, the petitioner's unexhausted claims are not plainly meritless, and the petitioner has not engaged in intentionally dilatory litigation tactics. Id. at 277.

In this case, Petitioner has shown the need for a stay. It appears from Petitioner's pleadings that his claims are potentially meritorious and therefore those claims should be addressed to, and considered by, the state courts in the first instance, so the state courts will have an opportunity to decide whether those claims have merit. Additionally, the Court recognizes that the one-year-limitations period applicable to this habeas action may pose a problem for Petitioner if this Court were to dismiss the petition to allow for further exhaustion of state remedies. See 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d)(1).

III.

Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that further proceedings in this case are stayed pending exhaustion of state-court remedies. The case shall be stayed provided that (1) Petitioner presents his unexhausted claims to the state court, if he has not done so already, within sixty (60) days from the date of this order, and (2) Petitioner returns to this Court to request that the stay be lifted within sixty (60) days of exhausting state-court remedies. "If the conditions of the stay are not met, the stay may later be vacated nunc pro tunc as of the date the stay was entered, and the petition may be dismissed." Palmer, 276 F.3d at 781 (internal quotation omitted).

To avoid administrative difficulties, the Court ORDERS the Clerk of Court to CLOSE this case for statistical purposes only. Nothing in this order or in the related docket entry shall be considered a dismissal or disposition of this matter.


Summaries of

Whittaker v. Capello

United States District Court, E.D. Michigan, Southern Division
Mar 31, 2010
Case Number: 10-CV-11051 (E.D. Mich. Mar. 31, 2010)
Case details for

Whittaker v. Capello

Case Details

Full title:NIGEL LEE WHITTAKER, Petitioner, v. GARY CAPELLO, Respondent

Court:United States District Court, E.D. Michigan, Southern Division

Date published: Mar 31, 2010

Citations

Case Number: 10-CV-11051 (E.D. Mich. Mar. 31, 2010)