Summary
finding that single clause indicating individual defendant intended to assume individual liability deemed insufficient because defendant not identified as party in contract and court determined that individual defendant signed contract only in representative capacity on behalf of corporation
Summary of this case from Yellow Book Sales & Distribution Co. v. ValleOpinion
283 A.D. 391 128 N.Y.S.2d 272 WARREN-CONNOLLY COMPANY, INC., Plaintiff, v. ALBERT V. SAPHIN, Defendant. Supreme Court of New York, First Department. March 2, 1954
SUBMISSION of a controversy pursuant to sections 546-548 of the Civil Practice Act.
COUNSEL
Nathan Shapiro for plaintiff.
A. M. Lowenthal of counsel (Leon G. Telsey and Beatrice D. Silverstein with him on the brief; Telsey, Lowenthal, Rothenbergs&sMason, attorneys), for defendant.
OPINION
BASTOW, J.
The parties to this action submit a controversy upon an agreed statement of facts. The plaintiff is a distributor of electrical appliances and sells to dealers authorized by it under licensing agreements. The defendant was president of Monarch-Saphin Co., Inc., a dealer which had been licensed by plaintiff by an agreement dated May 15, 1947. Some five years later Monarch-Saphin Co., Inc., was adjudicated a bankrupt and owed plaintiff $19,124.18. The plaintiff now seeks to recover that amount from the defendant, contending that he had personally guaranteed payment of all merchandise sold by plaintiff to Monarch-Saphin Co.
The claimed liability of the defendant is predicated upon paragraph six of the licensing agreement. This agreement is a printed document on plaintiff's form. It is recited in the opening paragraph that 'This agreement' is made between plaintiff, called the seller, and Monarch-Saphin Co., Inc., called the dealer. The entire sixteen paragraphs of the agreement, except paragraph six, refer to the respective rights, duties and obligations of the parties.
Paragraph six provides that 'The undersigned, officer of the dealer corporation, personally and individually guarantees payment of all obligations incurred by the dealer corporation pursuant to this agreement.' At the bottom of the agreement were spaces for execution by plaintiff and the dealer. The latter space after execution appears as follows:
'MONARCH-SAPHIN CO INC
Dealer
By ALBERT SAPHIN
Pres.
If dealer is a
corporation, give
name and title of
corporate officer.
56 West 45th St. NY
Dealer's Address'. 'Monarch-Saphin Co Inc Albert Saphin Pres. 56 West 45th St NY' was in the handwriting of the defendant. The remaining language was printed on the contract form. The signature of the defendant, as an individual, does not appear on the contract and the printed form has no space or provision for such a signature.
The controversy submitted for decision is whether or not paragraph six of the agreement and defendant's signature as president of the corporation constituted a personal guarantee enforcible against the defendant. We reach the conclusion that it did not.
The alleged obligation of the defendant was a special promise to answer for the debt of another. It was void unless it was 'subscribed by the party to be charged therewith'. (Personal Property Law, § 31, subd. 2.) It was not signed by the defendant, as an individual, but only in his capacity as president of Monarch-Saphin Co., Inc. The signature of the party to be bound is indispensable.
Here, the contract was made between plaintiff and the dealer corporation. The defendant was not stated to be a party thereto. An attempt is being made to predicate liability upon an obscure sentence in a contract bearing the inscription at the top in bold type 'AUTHORIZED DEALER FRANCHISE AGREEMENT'. All of its provisions except the paragraph in question relate to the duties and obligations of the contracting parties. The original Statute of Frauds was enacted for the 'prevention of many fraudulent practices, which are commonly endeavoured to be upheld by perjury and subornation of perjury'. (29 Car. II, ch. 3.) The procedure here followed would in effect thwart the purpose of the statute. The contract provision did not constitute a personal guarantee enforcible against the defendant.
Judgment should be granted for the defendant, without costs, in accordance with the submission.
PECK, P. J., CALLAHAN, BREITEL and BOTEIN, JJ., concur.
Judgment unanimously directed in favor of the defendant, without costs. Settle order on notice.