Opinion
A98A1879.
DECIDED: FEBRUARY 9, 1999.
Drug violation. DeKalb Superior Court. Before Judge Hunter.
Daniel E. Garvin, for appellant.
J. Tom Morgan, District Attorney, Robert M. Coker, Lawrence Delan, Assistant District Attorneys, for appellee.
Defendant was tried before a jury and convicted of trafficking in cocaine in violation of Georgia's Controlled Substances Act. Defendant now challenges the denial of his motion for new trial and motion in limine to suppress cocaine that was found in his gym bag during a road side search of a car in which he was a passenger. The facts relevant to these assertions, construed most favorably toward the trial court's findings and judgment ( Morgan v. State, 195 Ga. App. 732, 734 (3), 735 ( 394 S.E.2d 639)), reveal that defendant was a passenger in Jonnie Chesley's car when it was stopped for displaying an expired Florida license plate. Officer A. L. Mitchum of the DeKalb County Police Department testified that he arrested Chesley because she could not produce a valid driver's license or proof of insurance and because an on-the-scene computer check of Chesley's name and birthday revealed that Chesley was driving with a suspended Florida driver's license. Officer Mitchum testified that, after securing Chesley in his patrol car, he directed defendant and another passenger out of Chesley's car, searched the car and found "a black gym bag that was located in the [car's] rear passenger seat . . ." that contained cocaine. Officer Mitchum testified that he opened the gym bag and found a substance which field-tested positive for cocaine; that defendant then admitted owning the gym bag; that he searched the gym bag while "conducting a search pursuant to [Chesley's] arrest . . ." and that he didn't turn Chesley's car over to her passengers because "the combination of the expired license plate, no insurance, the vehicle was going to be impounded anyway." Held:
Defendant contends the search of Chesley's car cannot be justified because there was nothing which authorized his arrest prior to Officer Mitchum's search.
Since Chesley was lawfully arrested for operating a car without a driver's license and for not having proof of insurance ( Wilder v. State, 192 Ga. App. 891, 892 ( 386 S.E.2d 685)), Officer Mitchum ". . . did not exceed the permissible scope of a search incident to arrest under the Fourth Amendment, the Georgia Constitution or OCGA § 17-5-1. [To this extent, we must recognize] the broad scope of authority granted to police officers in conducting searches of automobiles pursuant to the search incident to arrest exception. In this situation, the authority to search extends to the entire passenger compartment of the automobile and any closed, containers therein. See New York v. Belton, 453 U.S. 454 ( 101 S.Ct. 2860, 69 L.Ed.2d 768) (1981); State v. Elliott, 205 Ga. App. 345 ( 422 S.E.2d 58) (1992)." Bagwell v. State, 214 Ga. App. 15, 17 ( 446 S.E.2d 739).
Defendant cites Bowen v. State, 210 Ga. App. 348, 349 (1) ( 436 S.E.2d 76), and State v. Corley, 201 Ga. App. 320 ( 411 S.E.2d 324), contending the warrantless search of his gym bag was invalid absent probable cause or his consent. We do not agree. Bowen and Corley are distinguishable from the case sub judice because the warrentless searches in those cases were not conducted pursuant to lawful arrests. Because defendant's gym bag was found in Chesley's car just after she was lawfully arrested, it was subject to being searched incident to that arrest. Wilder v. State, 192 Ga. App. 891, 892, supra.
The trial court did not err in denying defendant's motion to suppress and his motion for new trial. Judgment affirmed. Blackburn and Eldridge, JJ., concur.
Because the search of defendant's gym bag was valid pursuant to a lawful arrest, we do not address defendant's assertion that the search of Chesley's car was pursuant to the unauthorized impoundment of her car. Compare Gooden v. State, 196 Ga. App. 295, 297 ( 395 S.E.2d 634).