Opinion
No. CR94-0024-EJM.
February 20, 2008
ORDER
This matter comes before the court on its own motion. In relevant part, 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c) provides:
The court may not modify a term of imprisonment once it has been imposed except that . . . in the case of a defendant who has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment based on a sentencing range that has subsequently been lowered by the Sentencing Commission pursuant to 28 U.S.C. [§] 994(o), upon motion of the defendant or the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, or on its own motion, the court may reduce the term of imprisonment, after considering the factors set forth in [ 18 U.S.C. §] 3553(a) to the extent that they are applicable, if such a reduction is consistent with applicable policy statements issued by the Sentencing Commission.18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2); see also United States v. Auman, 8 F.3d 1268, 1271 (8th Cir. 1993) ("Section 3582(c)(2) is a provision that permits a district court to reduce a term of imprisonment if the sentencing range upon which the term was based is subsequently lowered by the Sentencing Commission.").
On November 1, 2007, the Sentencing Commission issued Amendment 706, as amended by Amendment 711, to USSG § 2D1.1. See generally USSG App. C at www.ussc.gov. Amendment 706 generally reduces by two levels the offense level that is applicable to cocaine base ("crack") offenses. On December 11, 2007, the Sentencing Commission voted to apply Amendment 706 retroactively to crack offenses, and it set March 3, 2008 as the date that Amendment 706 could be applied retroactively. The Sentencing Commission also promulgated amendments to USSG § 1B1.10, which set forth the conditions that must exist before a defendant is entitled to a sentence reduction as a result of an amended guideline range. See generally USSG App. C at www.ussc.gov. New USSG § 1B1.10 takes effect on March 3, 2008 and, in relevant part, states:
In a case in which a defendant is serving a term of imprisonment, and the guideline range applicable to that defendant has subsequently been lowered as a result of an amendment to the Guidelines Manual listed in subsection (c) below, the court may reduce the defendant's term of imprisonment as provided by 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2). As required by 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2), any such reduction in the defendant's term of imprisonment shall be consistent with this policy statement.
USSG § 1B1.10(a)(1); see also USSG § 1B1.10, comment. (n. 1) ("Eligibility for consideration under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) is triggered only by an amendment listed in subsection (c) that lowers the applicable guideline range."). The Sentencing Commission included Amendment 706 within subsection (c). USSG § 1B1.10(c). Consequently, under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) and USSG § 1B1.10, the court may rely on Amendment 706 to reduce the defendant's sentence.
For the instant matter, the court does not intend to appoint counsel. See United States v. Legree, 205 F.3d 724, 729-30 (4th Cir. 2000) (concluding that there is no right to assistance of counsel when pursing relief under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)); United States v. Tidwell, 178 F.3d 946, 949 (7th Cir. 1999) (same); United States v. Townsend, 98 F.3d 510, 512-13 (9th Cir. 1996) (same); United States v. Whitebird, 55 F.3d 1007, 1010-11 (5th Cir. 1995) (same); United States v. Reddick, 52 F.3d 462, 464 (2d Cir. 1995) (same). Further, the court does not intend to conduct a hearing prior to granting a reduction based on Amendment 706. See Legree, 205 F.3d at 729-30 (finding that a judge need not hold a hearing on a motion pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)); Restrepo-Contreras v. United States, No. 96-1411, 1996 WL 636560, *2, 1996 U.S. App. LEXIS 28844, at *5 (1st Cir. Nov. 4, 1996) (same); Townsend, 98 F.3d at 513 (concluding district court did not abuse its discretion when it did not hold an evidentiary hearing); United States v. Dimeo, 28 F.3d 240, 241 n. 3 (1st Cir. 1994) (noting that the district court received no input from the parties and conducted no hearing before reducing the defendant's sentence under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)); see also Fed.R.Crim.P. 43(b)(4) (stating that a defendant's presence is not required in a proceeding that involves the correction or reduction of a sentence under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)).
At the court's request, the United States Probation Office prepared a memorandum that, among other things, addresses the defendant's eligibility for a sentence reduction under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) and calculates the defendant's amended guideline range. The United States Probation Office also provided the court with additional documents in support of its memorandum. Those documents include, but are not limited to, the defendant's pre-sentence investigation report and the Bureau of Prison's report on the defendant.
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) and USSG § 1B1.10, the court concludes that the defendant is entitled to a sentence reduction. See United States v. Wyatt, 115 F.3d 606, 608-09 (8th Cir. 1997) (explaining requirements under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) and USSG § 1B1.10). Previously, the court determined the defendant's guideline range to be from 188 to 235 months imprisonment, and it sentenced the defendant to 192 months imprisonment. The defendant's amended guideline range is from 151 to 188 months imprisonment. Having reviewed the defendant's file, the provisions and commentary of USSG § 1B1.10, the factors set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a), the nature and seriousness of the danger to any person or community that may be posed by a reduction in the defendant's term of imprisonment and the defendant's post-sentencing conduct, the court preliminarily deems it appropriate to exercise its discretion and grant the defendant the maximum reduction permitted under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) and USSG § 1B1.10. The maximum reduction results in a new term of imprisonment of time served as of March 3, 2008, all of the other previously imposed terms and conditions remain the same; the duration and conditions of the defendant's supervised release remain unchanged.
Pursuant to the pre-sentence investigation report, the court utilized count 1 of the indictment, not count 1 of the information, to determine the defendant's guideline range. Count 1 of the indictment charges the defendant under 21 U.S.C. § 846.
It is therefore
ORDERED
Unless objections are filed by not later than Wednesday, February 27, 2008, defendant's sentence to imprisonment is modified in accordance herewith, and defendant shall be released from confinement no later than 10:00 a.m., Central Standard Time, Monday, March 3, 2008.
The Clerk of Court is directed to forthwith send and fax a copy of this order to the United States, the defendant, the Federal Public Defender, and the Bureau of Prisons.