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concluding that nothing in the standard GVR requires a court of appeals to consider arguments not raised in a defendant's initial brief on appeal
Summary of this case from U.S. v. LevyOpinion
No. 98-7033.
DECIDED February 20, 2001.
Alexander Bunin, Christopher Knight, Federal Defenders Organization, Inc., Mobile, AL, for Defendant-Appellant.
Charles A. Kandt, Mobile, Al, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama.
ON REMAND FROM THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES
Before CARNES, MARCUS and COX, Circuit Judges.
We have previously affirmed the conviction and sentence in this case. See United States v. Ardley, 202 F.3d 287, No. 98-7033 (11th Cir. Nov. 18, 1999). The Supreme Court has vacated our prior judgment and remanded the case to us for further consideration in light of Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000). Having reconsidered our decision pursuant to the Supreme Court's instructions, we reinstate our judgment affirming the conviction and sentence.
Ardley did not raise the Apprendi issue when the case was before us prior to the certiorari petition being filed. He did not mention that issue in his initial brief, his reply brief, or in the suggestion for rehearing en banc that he filed. Nothing in the Apprendi opinion requires or suggests that we are obligated to consider an issue not raised in any of the briefs that appellant has filed with us. Nor is there anything in the Supreme Court's remand order, which is cast in the usual language, requiring that we treat the case as though the Apprendi issue had been timely raised in this Court. See United States v. Miller, 492 F.2d 37, 40 (5th Cir. 1974) (noting when Supreme Court vacates and remands case for reconsideration in light of one of its opinions, that action does not imply any particular result because "had [a particular result] been the [Supreme] Court's desire, certiorari could have been granted and this case summarily reversed on the authority of [the opinion in light of which this Court was to reconsider the case], rather than being remanded for further consideration").
In the absence of any requirement to the contrary in either Apprendi or in the order remanding this case to us, we apply our well-established rule that issues and contentions not timely raised in the briefs are deemed abandoned. Hartsfield v. Lemacks, 50 F.3d 950, 953 (11th Cir. 1995) ("We note that issues that clearly are not designated in the initial brief ordinarily are considered abandoned.") (quotation marks and citation omitted); Marek v. Singletary, 62 F.3d 1295, 1298 n. 2 (11th Cir. 1995) ("Issues not clearly raised in the briefs are considered abandoned."); Greenbriar, Ltd. v. City of Alabaster, 881 F.2d 1570, 1573 n. 6 (11th Cir. 1989). We have recently applied this rule to Apprendi issues. See United States v. Nealy, 232 F.3d 825, 830 (11th Cir. 2000) ("Defendant abandoned the [ Apprendi] indictment issue by not raising the issue in his initial brief.").
Our opinion affirming the conviction and sentence, United States v. Ardley, 202 F.3d 287, No. 98-7033 (11th Cir. Nov. 18, 1999), is REINSTATED.