Opinion
CRIMINAL ACTION 08-20106-06-KHV
03-05-2024
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff, v. ROBERTO QUINONEZ-QUINTERO, Defendant.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
KATHRYN H. VRATIL, UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE.
On September 11, 2012, the Court sentenced defendant to 292 months in prison. On December 8, 2021, pursuant to a prisoner transfer treaty, the Bureau of Prisons released defendant to serve the remainder of his sentence in the custody of Mexican officials. See Treaty on Execution of Penal Sentences, Nov. 25, 1976, U.S.-Mexico, 28 U.S.T. 7399, T.I.A.S. No. 8718. This matter is before the Court on defendant's pro se Motion For Reduction In Sentence Based On The Newly Implemented Section 4C1.1 Of The United States Sentencing Guidelines (Doc. #267) filed February 2, 2024. For reasons stated below, the Court dismisses defendant's motion.
A federal district court may modify a defendant's sentence only where Congress has expressly authorized it to do so. See 18 U.S.C. § 3582(b)-(c); United States v. Blackwell, 81 F.3d 945, 947 (10th Cir. 1996). Defendant seeks relief under Section 3582(c)(2), which permits the Court to reduce a sentence if defendant has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment “based on a sentencing range that has subsequently been lowered by the Sentencing Commission pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 994(o).” 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c). To obtain relief under Section 3582(c)(2), defendant must overcome three distinct hurdles: (1) under the statute's “based on” clause, defendant must show he was sentenced based on a guideline range the Sentencing Commission lowered after his sentencing; (2) under the statute's “consistent with” clause, defendant must show that his request for a sentence reduction is consistent with the Commission's policy statements and (3) defendant must convince the district court that he is entitled to relief in light of the sentencing factors in Section 3553(a). United States v. C.D., 848 F.3d 1286, 1289-90 (10th Cir. 2017). Under Tenth Circuit precedent, the first hurdle is jurisdictional. Id. at 1289; see United States v. Mata-Soto, No. 22-3012, 2022 WL 2128429, at *1 (10th Cir. June 14, 2022).
Defendant argues that he is entitled to relief under Section 3582(c)(2) because Amendment 821 to the United States Sentencing Guidelines (“U.S.S.G.”) reduces the total offense level for certain defendants with zero criminal history points. The United States Sentencing Commission voted to apply the amendment retroactively to offenders who are currently incarcerated. U.S.S.G. § 1B1.10(d). Defendant is not eligible for relief because he has three criminal history points. See Presentence Investigation Report (Doc. #205) filed March 27, 2012, ¶¶ 44-46. In addition, defendant is not eligible for relief because he received an enhancement for an aggravating role. See U.S.S.G. § 4C1.1(a)(10) (adjustment for certain zero-point offenders applies only if “defendant did not receive an adjustment under § 3B1.1 (Aggravating Role) and was not engaged in a continuing criminal enterprise, as defined in 21 U.S.C. § 848”); Presentence Investigation Report (Doc. #205), ¶ 36 (imposing three-level enhancement under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.1(b) because defendant was manager or supervisor of criminal activity involving five or more participants); see also United States v. Castaneda Mendez, No. 20-CR-20155-RAR, 2024 WL 216277, at *3 (S.D. Fla. Jan. 18, 2024) (plain language and context of Section 4C1.1(a)(10) properly read to exclude any defendant who either had aggravating role enhancement or engaged in continuing criminal enterprise); United States v. Gordon, No. 1:19-CR-00007-JAW, 2023 WL 8601494, at *3 (D. Me. Dec. 12, 2023) (rejecting argument that defendant can satisfy Section 4C1.1(a)(10) if he did not receive an aggravating role enhancement or he was not engaged in continuing criminal enterprise). Accordingly, the Court dismisses defendant's motion to reduce sentence.
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that defendant's pro se Motion For Reduction In Sentence Based On The Newly Implemented Section 4C1.1 Of The United States Sentencing Guidelines (Doc. #267) filed February 2, 2024 is DISMISSED.