Summary
holding that "[t]he construction of a sidewalk bridge [in the Bronx] extending over an area frequented by pedestrians" was an inherently dangerous activity
Summary of this case from Avis Budget Car Rental, LLC v. JD2 Envtl., Inc.Opinion
March 8, 1994
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Bronx County (Bertram Katz, J.).
The instant action arises from the collapse of a sidewalk bridge in front of and attached to property owned or managed by defendants-appellants which was caused when a beer delivery truck backed into the bridge's supports. Upon the collapse of the bridge, plaintiff was injured by falling debris. The within appeal is concerned solely with the issue of whether defendants-appellants should be held vicariously liable for the alleged negligence of the contractor, employed by the managing agent, in erecting the bridge and, in particular, in failing to install a netting to prevent debris from falling onto the street below.
Generally, a party who retains an independent contractor, as distinguished from a mere employee or servant, is not liable for the independent contractor's negligence (Kleeman v. Rheingold, 81 N.Y.2d 270, 273; Rosenberg v. Equitable Life Assur. Socy., 79 N.Y.2d 663, 668). Exceptions to this rule exist where the employer is negligent in selecting, instructing or supervising the contractor, where the contractor is employed to do work that is inherently dangerous or where the employer bears a specific nondelegable duty (Kleeman v. Rheingold, supra, at 274).
The Court of Appeals long ago held that "`[w]hen one undertakes work in a public highway which, unless carefully done, will create conditions which are dangerous to members of the public using the highway, in the usual and ordinary manner, he is under a duty to use requisite care. That duty cannot be delegated'" (Wright v. Tudor City Twelfth Unit, 276 N.Y. 303, 307, quoting Boylhart v. DiMarco Reimann, 270 N.Y. 217, 221; see also, Rohlfs v. Weil, 271 N.Y. 444, 449; 3 N.Y. Jur 2d, Agency, § 360, at 189). The construction of a sidewalk bridge extending over an area frequented by pedestrians is clearly a project which must be carefully done in order to avoid the creation of such a dangerous condition. Thus, defendants-appellants may not argue that they are not vicariously liable for any lack of due care in constructing the bridge.
Concur — Carro, J.P., Ellerin, Rubin, Nardelli and Tom, JJ.