Opinion
A17A2096
07-23-2019
The STATE v. ORR.
Leigh E. Patterson, District Attorney, Luke A. Martin, Emily G. Johnson, Assistant District Attorneys, for appellant. McCurdy & Candler, Benjamin H. Pierman, for appellee.
Leigh E. Patterson, District Attorney, Luke A. Martin, Emily G. Johnson, Assistant District Attorneys, for appellant.
McCurdy & Candler, Benjamin H. Pierman, for appellee.
Gobeil, Judge. Following his conviction for family violence battery and cruelty to children in the third degree, Otto Orr filed a motion for a new trial, asserting, inter alia, that the trial court erred when it failed to declare a mistrial after the State impermissibly commented on Orr's pre-arrest silence. The trial court granted Orr's motion, finding that the exclusionary rule articulated by the Supreme Court of Georgia in Mallory v. State , 261 Ga. 625, 409 S.E.2d 839 (1991), overruled on other grounds, Clark v. State , 271 Ga. 6, 9-10 (5), 515 S.E.2d 155 (1999), required that Orr receive a new trial. The State appealed, arguing that in light of Georgia's new Evidence Code, Mallory and its progeny were no longer good law. We disagreed, noting that in the six years since the new Evidence Code went into effect, our Supreme Court expressly reserved, on at least seven separate occasions, the question of whether Mallory remained valid under the new statutory scheme. State v. Orr , 345 Ga. App. 74, 77-78, 812 S.E.2d 137 (2018) ( Orr I ) (citing cases). Accordingly, we affirmed the grant of Orr's new trial motion. Id. at 79, 812 S.E.2d 137.
Under that rule, the State was strictly prohibited from commenting on either a defendant's pre-arrest silence or the defendant's failure to come forward to police voluntarily. Mallory v. State , 261 Ga. 625, 630 (5), 409 S.E.2d 839 (1991), overruled on other grounds, Clark v. State , 271 Ga. 6, 9-10 (5), 515 S.E.2d 155 (1999).
The Supreme Court of Georgia granted the State's petition for certiorari and subsequently held that the exclusionary rule set forth in Mallory "was abrogated by the new Evidence Code." State v. Orr , 305 Ga. 729, 739 (3), 827 S.E.2d 892 (2019) ( Orr II ). The Supreme Court therefore vacated our opinion in Orr I and remanded the case to this Court for further proceedings consistent with Orr II . Accordingly, we now vacate our earlier decision and adopt the opinion of the Supreme Court as our own.
In accordance with the Supreme Court's direction, we vacate the order of the trial court and remand the case for further proceedings consistent with this opinion and the opinion of our Supreme Court in Orr II . Specifically, the trial court should determine: (1) whether evidence of Orr's failure to come forward in this case was admissible under Georgia's current rules of evidence, Orr II , 305 Ga. at 739 (4) (a), 827 S.E.2d 892 ; and (2) even if otherwise properly admissible, that evidence should have been excluded "under the federal or state Constitution, a statute, ... one of the specific exclusionary rules in the new Evidence Code ... [or] under the balancing test set forth in [ OCGA § 24-4-403 ]." Id. at 741-742 (4) (b), 827 S.E.2d 892. The trial court should also consider the additional grounds for a new trial set forth in Orr's original and amended motions seeking the same. Id. at 743 (4) (c), 827 S.E.2d 892.
Judgment vacated and case remanded with direction.
McFadden, P. J., and Coomer, C. J., concur.