Summary
In People v McFadden, 136 AD2d 934 (4th Dept. 1988) while patrolling area known for narcotics at 10:30 p.m., police observed a number of individuals entering and exiting a motor vehicle.
Summary of this case from People v. JonesOpinion
January 29, 1988
Appeal from the Monroe County Court, Egan, J.
Present — Dillon, P.J., Boomer, Balio, Lawton and Davis, JJ.
Order unanimously affirmed. Memorandum: While patroling at 10:30 P.M. in an area known for drug trafficking, two officers in an unmarked car observed a group of males congregated about a van parked at a curb. Persons were observed going in and out of the van, and one of the officers saw defendant extend his hand toward another person. As the unmarked car pulled into a driveway across the street to turn around, the group dispersed in all directions. One of the officers got out of the vehicle and asked defendant, who was walking toward the officer, to come over. Defendant responded, "Who me?", and then ran. He was pursued by both officers and as he ran, he removed his coat and carried it for a considerable distance. While going over a fence, defendant dropped the coat. The officers retrieved the coat and upon searching pockets, found a bag with several glassine packets containing cocaine inside.
The suppression court found that the officers lacked any reasonable suspicion that criminal activity was afoot when defendant was asked to come over to the police vehicle, and that the subsequent pursuit was not justified and was unlawful. The court's factual findings are supported by the record and since the determination was not clearly erroneous, we decline to disturb it. (People v Prochilo, 41 N.Y.2d 759; People v Goodrich, 126 A.D.2d 835, lv denied 69 N.Y.2d 880; People v Sheirod, 124 A.D.2d 14, 19, lv denied 70 N.Y.2d 656.)
Defendant had the right not to talk with the police and to flee (see, People v Howard, 50 N.Y.2d 583, cert denied 449 U.S. 1023). Where, as here, there were no additional indicia of criminal activity (see, People v Johnson, 64 N.Y.2d 617; People v Lee, 126 A.D.2d 568, 569-570; People v Torres, 115 A.D.2d 93, 98), the fact of flight was an insufficient basis for pursuit (People v Howard, supra, at 592; People v Eaddy, 78 A.D.2d 761), and the pursuit constituted an unlawful detention. The court correctly determined that the coat was dropped as a spontaneous reaction to the hot pursuit and was not abandoned (People v Howard, supra; People v Torres, supra; People v Glover, 82 A.D.2d 43). Since seizure of the coat was a fruit of the unjustified pursuit and detention, it and its contents were properly suppressed (Wong Sun v United States, 371 U.S. 471; People v Howard, supra).