Summary
holding that legislation “designed for the convenience and interest of a special class” is not a valid exercise of the City's police power
Summary of this case from DoorDash, Inc. v. City of New YorkOpinion
Argued November 30, 1936
Decided December 31, 1936
Appeal from the Court of Special Sessions of City of New York, Appellate Part.
Irving Davis, Murry Levine and David P. Siegel for appellants. William Copeland Dodge, District Attorney (Edwin J. Talley of counsel), for respondent.
Louis Irving Gottlieb for West of Central Park Association et al., amici curiae.
Defendants violated the following provisions of section 9-d of chapter 27 of the Code of Ordinances of the City of New York; "No fruits, vegetables or other foodstuffs intended for human consumption shall be kept, sold, offered for sale or displayed in any open window, space or doorway of any private market or building, used for the purpose of retail or wholesale trade; nor shall such foodstuffs be kept, sold, offered for sale or displayed within 36 inches of such doorway; nor shall such premises have any detachable windows or doors. The provisions of this section shall only apply to the following area: In the borough of Manhattan, along both the easterly and westerly sides of Broadway, from 59th Street to 116th Street, inclusive."
If this ordinance were intended to promote public health or the general welfare, if it applied generally to the entire city or even only to such an area within the city as would reasonably require such a limitation upon the rights of merchants, doubtless it would be deemed valid within the exercise of the police power.
The complainant in this prosecution is the West Side Realty Company whose attorney was present at and assisted in the trial. He stated: " The real reason behind this ordinance is to prevent the depreciation of realty; that outside residents coming to Broadway, and in shopping there, people would run over from the street, pick up their oranges and other fruits, throw the waste on the street and walk off. The purpose of the ordinance is to eliminate all that, your Honor, for the sake of the neighborhood."
This ordinance appears from all the evidence in the case to be wholly arbitrary in that its purpose is to favor real estate values in a restricted section of the city where conditions are not dissimilar from those existing in many other areas. It bears no relation to the welfare of the public but is designed for the convenience and interest of a special class.
As to each defendant the judgment should be reversed and the information dismissed.
CRANE, Ch. J., LEHMAN, O'BRIEN, HUBBS, CROUCH, LOUGHRAN and FINCH, JJ., concur.
Judgments reversed, etc.