Opinion
A92A1724.
DECIDED JANUARY 12, 1993.
Recovery of commissions. Fulton Superior Court. Before Judge Eldridge.
Goodman Bush, F. Clay Bush, Norman L. Smith, for appellant.
Wagner Johnston, C. David Johnston, John H. Watson, for appellee.
Appellee-plaintiff filed suit, seeking to recover commissions which he had allegedly earned during his employment with appellant-defendant. Appellant answered and also moved to disqualify appellee's counsel. The trial court denied appellant's motion, but certified its order for immediate review. Appellant applied for an interlocutory appeal and the instant appeal results from the grant of that application.
1. Appellant's motion was premised upon Crawford W. Long Mem. Hosp. c. v. Yerby, 258 Ga. 720 ( 373 S.E.2d 749) (1988). In that case, counsel, who had formerly defended malpractice suits brought by patients of the hospital, filed a malpractice suit on behalf of a hospital patient. The events which underlay the malpractice suit brought by counsel had occurred during the same period of time as the events which underlay the malpractice suits previously defended by him. It was held that "[t]he circumstance of representing a client against a former client in an action that is of the same general subject matter, and grows out of an event that occurred during the time of such representation, creates an impressible appearance of impropriety. It is therefore prohibited by the Canons of Ethics. For this reason, the motion to disqualify should have been granted." (Emphasis omitted.) Crawford W. Long Mem. Hosp. c. v. Yerby, supra at 722.
Appellee's counsel in the instant case had previously undertaken the collection of debts which were owed to appellant by its advertising clients for the services rendered to them. In the instant case, however, he does not represent one of appellant's clients in a suit involving appellant's advertising services. Appellee is a former employee of appellant, not a former client, and his claim is premised upon the services that he performed in his capacity as appellant's employee, not upon the advertising services that appellant rendered to its clients. Appellant's former legal efforts to collect the debts owed by its clients and appellee's instant action to recover commissions from appellant may both involve contracts, but appellant's advertising contracts with its clients and appellee's employment contract with appellant are "unrelated [contract] claims [which] would not contravene the rule" of Crawford W. Long Mem. Hosp. c. v. Yerby, supra at 722, fn. 2. Under appellant's theory, appellee's present counsel could never serve as opposing counsel in any suit even remotely connected with appellant's business-related contracts. However, the motion to disqualify was granted in Yerby because counsel, having previously defended against allegations of the hospital's professional negligence. was seeking to prove allegations of the hospital's professional negligence. The malpractice actions may not have been "substantially related" to one another, but they all related to the "same general subject matter" of the quality of care provided by the hospital. The instant action concerns a former employee's compensation claim against his employer. It is neither "substantially related" to the former employer's claims against its clients nor does it relate to the "same general subject matter" of the former employer's advertising services. In his former representation of appellant, appellee's present counsel may have gained general knowledge concerning appellant's business operations. However, "there was no evidence that [appellant's] confidences or secrets had been or would be disclosed, or that any other improper actions had been or would be taken." Knoxville Med. Investors, Ltd. v. Nat. Healthcorp L. P., 192 Ga. App. 460, 461 (2) ( 385 S.E.2d 110) (1989). It follows that the Yerby decision does not mandate the grant of appellant's motion to disqualify appellee's present counsel. See also Hastings v. Courtland, 197 Ga. App. 508, 509 (1) ( 398 S.E.2d 747) (1990).
2. Appellee's present counsel has an office-sharing arrangement with appellant's former general counsel. Compare McMahon v. Seitzinger Bros. Leasing, 506 F. Supp. 618 (E.D. Penn. 1981). Urging that appellee could not be represented by its former general counsel, appellant contends that appellee's present counsel is likewise disqualified.
Directory Rule 5-105 (D) of the Rules and Regulations of the State Bar provide: "If a lawyer is required to decline employment or to withdraw from employment under DR 5-105, no partner or associate of his or his firm may accept or continue such employment." However, any disqualification of appellant's former general counsel from representing appellee would be based upon Disciplinary Standard 69 of the Rules and Regulations of the State Bar and not upon DR 5-105. Accordingly, "DR 5-105(D) is not grounds for the disqualification of [appellee's present counsel] even if he could be considered an associate of [appellant's former general counsel]." Dodson v. Floyd, 529 F. Supp. 1056, 1065 (IV) (N.D. Ga. 1981).
Although they have an office-sharing arrangement, there is no evidence that appellant's former general counsel has or will disclose confidences or secrets of appellant to appellee's present counsel. See Dodson v. Floyd, supra at 1066 [14, 15]. Instead, the evidence shows that appellant's former general counsel has severed his connection with appellant and has not been actively involved in the instant case. Compare McMahon v. Seitzinger Bros. Leasing, supra. Accordingly, the trial court did not err in finding that the office-sharing arrangement constituted no basis for disqualifying appellee's present counsel.
Judgment affirmed. Pope, C. J., and Johnson, J., concur.