Opinion
June 22, 1906.
Frederick E. Fishel, for the appellant.
Louis Hess [ William Law Stout with him on the brief], for the respondent.
Present — JENKS, HOOKER, GAYNOR, RICH and MILLER, JJ.
In the manufacturing establishment of the defendant there was a boiler room with six boilers in use. The deceased was one of three firemen who kept up the fires under them. There was a door from the boiler room into the yard; it was only from eight to twelve feet from the boilers. Outside of this door, about six or seven feet from it, and alongside the building, was a large tank of water. It was in circulation with the boilers and the water was hot. The men in the engine room were in the habit of sitting on a bench set up against the building outside of the door, and a few feet from the tank, while eating their dinner daily in warm weather. The tank had a spigot with a tub under it, and the firemen were in the habit of washing their overalls and jumpers in this tub at least once a week. Their clothes got very dirty from coal dust and ashes, and also from the burning of exhausted logwood chips from the manufactory mixed with the coal for economy of fuel. This habit of going out by the tank to eat and wash had been of long continuance; there is testimony of it for three years, at least. While the deceased was washing his clothes at the tub the tank burst and he was scalded by the hot water from it and died therefrom. One or more of the iron hoops of the tank gave way from having become corroded and eaten thin by rust caused by water dripping down the sides of the tank from leaks and settling under the hoops. Witnesses on both sides testified to these facts, and none of them are seriously disputed.
It seems to me a thing unquestionable that it was the duty of the defendant to the deceased and his fellow-workmen to use reasonable care to keep the tank safe from bursting. The door was there connecting the boiler room with the yard, and free to be opened and used by them, and for no other use, so far as appears. It was natural and proper and to be expected that they should step outside to eat their dinner or wash; and moreover it had so long been their custom to do so that it was to be presumed that the defendant knew of it. The deceased was doing work of his own at the tank when he was hurt, it is true, but it was work which workmen who work at such dirty employments customarily do. It would be too much to say that the master in such a case as this owes no duty to his servant except while he is in front of his furnace shoveling in fuel, or raking ashes and cinders. The law is not so hard a taskmaster as that, but humane and reasonable. Workmen in boiler rooms and dirty shops may step aside to a convenient place at hand in their working place, or so adjacent as to be of it or appurtenant to it, to eat or clean up, without getting outside the duty which their employer owes to them to take reasonable care of their safety.
The case of Muhlens v. Obermeyer Liebmann ( 83 App. Div. 88) is closely in point. The case of Gibson v. Erie R. Co. ( 63 N.Y. 449) is not applicable at all. There the conductor of a moving freight train was climbing up to the roof of a car on the side ladder when he was knocked off by the roof of the station. The trouble with his case was that he had no occasion to climb on the top of the cars, and his doing so was in no way connected with his duties; he was entirely disconnected from his place and duties.
The judgment should be affirmed.
Judgment and order unanimously affirmed, with costs.