Opinion
Docket No. 9747.
Decided April 23, 1971.
Appeal from Oakland, James S. Thorburn, J. Submitted Division 2 February 4, 1971, at Lansing. (Docket No. 9747.) Decided April 23, 1971.
Complaint by Elaine Mullas against the Secretary of State, as custodian of the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Fund, for a declaratory judgment of plaintiff's right to proceed against the Fund. Summary judgment for defendant. Plaintiff appeals. Summary judgment vacated and plaintiff allowed to proceed with her claim.
Moore, Sills, Polling Wooster ( W. Bruce Knight, of counsel), for plaintiff.
Frank J. Kelley, Attorney General, Robert A. Derengoski, Solicitor General, and Joseph B. Bilitzke and Carl K. Carlsen, Assistants Attorney General, for defendant.
Plaintiff began this action in the nature of a suit for a declaratory judgment. She sought an adjudication of her right to proceed against the Secretary of State as custodian of the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Fund.
MCLA § 257.1101, et seq. (Stat Ann 1968 Rev § 9.2801, et seq.)
In substance, her complaint asserted that though her notice of intent to claim against the Fund was not formally filed within the six-month period from the date of the accrual of her cause of action, she had substantially complied with the statute within that period, and, additionally, that any failure of strict compliance was caused by the actions of the custodian of the Fund.
On motion of the Attorney General, representing the Secretary of State, the trial judge granted a summary judgment which, in effect, held held her cause of action was lost because of noncompliance with the notice provision.
"In all actions in which recovery is sought against the fund, said action must be commenced within 3 years from the time the cause of action accrues. Recovery from the fund shall not be allowed in any event unless notice of intent to claim against the fund is served upon the secretary, on a form prescribed by him, within 6 months of the date that the cause of action shall accrue." MCLA § 257.1118 (Stat Ann 1970 Cum Supp § 9.2818).
The case arose from an automobile collision on December 5, 1968, in which a vehicle owned and operated by plaintiff was struck from behind by an automobile owned and driven by Wayne Douglas Russell.
On April 18, 1969, plaintiff, through her attorney, wrote defendant Secretary as follows: "Could you please advise us from your records as to whom the insurance carrier was when Mr. Russell applied for his 1968 license plates."
An agent of defendant responded to the query by indicating what the records reflected: "Insurance: Allstate Insurance Co., N191044, 3-25-69." (The latter being the expiration date of the insurance policy.)
Once plaintiff had been informed as to the automobile insurance carried by the alleged tortfeasor, her attorney directed his claim to Allstate and awaited its reply. For some inexplicable reason, Allstate delayed about 2-1/2 months before it finally informed plaintiff's counsel that Russell had never been one of its policyholders.
Given this unhappy circumstance, plaintiff, within about a month of receiving this information from Allstate, notified the Secretary of her intent to claim against the Fund. Acting pursuant to statutory authorization, defendant rejected the claim because of failure to give notice within six months following accrual of the cause of action.
Plaintiff admits that no claim was made against the Fund until about seven months and eight days following the accident.
An examination of the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Act does not indicate any explicit requirement that the injured party inquire as to whether the tortfeasor carried liability insurance prior to giving notice of intent to claim against the Fund. However, plaintiff's actions in investigating Russell's insurance coverage certainly were prudent. The Secretary of State should not be heard to complain about preliminary inquiries as to possible indemnification by a tortfeasor's insurance company. Time and expense may be saved if an initial determination can be made that the offending vehicle was insured, and that the Fund thus has no liability arising out of the accident. Unless injured parties may inquire as to the existence of insurance and place reasonable reliance upon information furnished by the Secretary, the effect would be to encourage the filing of a claim in every accident, which would add an immeasurable administrative burden.
On oral argument, defendant's counsel admitted that no prejudice had resulted from failure to receive notification within the prescribed period. Because the official records indicated that Russell carried insurance, defendant presumptively would have done nothing toward making a detailed investigation of the claim before it received the notice of intent to claim. Accordingly, we are unable to perceive any justification for denying an apparently meritorious claim based upon inconsequential delays not attributable to plaintiff.
Statutory provisions requiring that notice of a claim be given to a governmental unit are not necessarily jurisdictional. Their purpose is to insure that the Secretary will have an opportunity to investigate the validity of claims before they become "stale" and to determine possible liability of the Fund. Stacey v. Sankovich (1969), 19 Mich. App. 688.
Mandatory notice requirements have been liberally construed by the courts of this state to the end that substantial compliance with a statutory directive will suffice. Stacey, supra; Meredith v. City of Melvindale (1969), 381 Mich. 572; Jackson v. City of Detroit Board of Education (1969), 18 Mich. App. 73. "This judicial policy favoring a liberal construction is based on the theory that the inexpert layman with a valid claim should not be penalized for some technical defect." Meredith, supra, p 579.
Although claimant in this case was represented by counsel at the outset and thus was not technically within the "inexpert layman" rule, we are constrained to hold that her counsel acted with diligence and pursued an eminently reasonable course of conduct to protect his client's rights.
We take this occasion, respectfully to suggest to the Legislature that recurrence of the situation in this case might be remedied easily by amendment to the statute. We note that the dual function of the Secretary of State, as custodian of the Fund and as the agency issuing license plates, could easily provide a more effective method of exchange of information as to the nonexistence of liability insurance coverage. Hopefully, too, the Legislature might wish to address itself to the problem arising from the fact that evidence of insurance coverage need only extend to the date of the issuance of the license plate, rather than being coextensive with the period of validity of the plate.
The order of the trial court granting defendant's motion for a summary judgment is vacated. Plaintiff may proceed against the Fund in the manner provided by statute.
No costs, a public question.
McGREGOR, J., concurred.
I dissent. MCLA § 257.1118 (Stat Ann 1970 Cum Supp § 9.2818) requires service of notice of intent to claim against the fund on the secretary of state within six months of the date that the cause of action accrues. The majority opinion accurately states, "Plaintiff admits that no claim was made against the Fund until about seven months and eight days following the accident."
This case is not one of substantial compliance (see Stacey v. Sankovich, 19 Mich. App. 688); it is a case of noncompliance. Substantial compliance I can accept (see Curtis v. Biermacher, 30 Mich. App. 503, decided by this same panel and released February 16, 1971).
I too feel sorry for this plaintiff, but the majority opinion does violence to the authority of courts to construe legislation. "The court can but construe the statute in question as it reads, and not as equitable considerations might impel us to do." Bankers Trust Company of Detroit v. Russell (1933), 263 Mich. 677, 684, 685.
I vote to affirm.