Opinion
Case No.: 16-CV-1762 JLS (KSC)
07-20-2016
MARTIN F. MIRAMONTES, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, Respondent.
ORDER: (1) GRANTING APPLICATION TO PROCEED IN FORMA PAUPERIS , AND (2) DISMISSING CASE WITHOUT PREJUDICE (ECF Nos. 1, 2)
Petitioner, a state prisoner proceeding pro se, has submitted a Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Pet., ECF No. 1), together with a request to proceed in forma pauperis (IFP) (IFP Mot., ECF No. 2).
IFP MOTION
Petitioner has no funds on account at the California correctional institution in which he is presently confined. Petitioner cannot afford the $5.00 filing fee. Thus, the Court GRANTS Petitioner's IFP Motion (ECF No. 2), and allows Petitioner to prosecute the above-referenced action as a poor person without being required to prepay fees or costs and without being required to post security. The Clerk of the Court shall file the Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus without prepayment of the filing fee. / / /
FAILURE TO STATE A COGNIZABLE CLAIM ON FEDERAL HABEAS
The Petition must be dismissed, however, because this Court lacks subject-matter jurisdiction. Petitioner raises only one claim in the Petition: that the trial court improperly imposed a restitution fine without sufficient evidence of his ability to pay. (See Pet. 2-7, ECF No. 1.)
Title 28 U.S.C. § 2254(a) provides:
The Supreme Court, a Justice thereof, a circuit judge, or a district court shall entertain an application for a writ of habeas corpus in behalf of a person in custody pursuant to the judgment of a State court only on the ground that he is in custody in violation of the Constitution or laws or treaties of the United States.28 U.S.C. § 2254(a).
The requirement that a habeas petitioner be "in custody in violation of [federal law]" is "jurisdictional." See Bailey v. Hill, 599 F.3d 976, 978 (9th Cir. 2010); cf. Williamson v. Gregoire, 151 F.3d 1180, 1182 (9th Cir. 1998) (noting that 28 U.S.C. § 2241(c)(3)'s requirement that a habeas petitioner be "in custody in violation of the Constitution or laws or treaties of the United States" is jurisdictional). "The plain meaning of the text of § 2254(a) makes clear that physical custody alone is insufficient to confer jurisdiction." See Bailey, 599 F.3d at 980. Rather, "[it] explicitly requires a nexus between the petitioner's claim and the unlawful nature of the custody." See id. (citing Dickerson v. United States, 530 U.S. 428, 439 n.3 (2000)). If the remedy sought is merely "the elimination or alteration" of a petitioner's restitutionary obligation, then there is no such nexus between the habeas claim and the petitioner's purportedly unlawful custody. See id. at 981; see also Washington v. Smith, 564 F.3d 1350, 1350-51 (7th Cir. 2009) (holding that a petitioner did not satisfy the "in custody" requirement because, even if he prevailed on his ineffective assistance claim, "the only possible benefit [would] be a lower payment to his victim"). In such a case, the action must be dismissed for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction. See Bailey, 599 F.3d at 984. / / /
Here, Petitioner's only claim challenges the restitution order. (See generally Pet., ECF No. 1.) Even if Petitioner prevailed on this claim, he would not obtain early release from custody; instead, he would be entitled to only "the elimination or alteration of a money judgment." See Bailey, 599 F.3d at 981. Thus, the "nexus" between these claims and illegal custody is lacking. See id. Put differently, the legal theories on which his claim relies are irrelevant: the only relevant consideration is whether his claims would impair the validity of the custodial sentence. See id. at 978, 984 (affirming dismissal of ineffective assistance claim for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction); Washington, 564 F.3d at 1351. Because Petitioner's claim does affect the legality of Petitioner's confinement, this Court lacks subject-matter jurisdiction over the action. See Bailey, 599 F.3d at 984.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons discussed above, the Court GRANTS the IFP Motion (ECF No. 2) and DISMISSES WITHOUT PREJUDICE the Petition (ECF No. 1) for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction.
IT IS SO ORDERED. Dated: July 20, 2016
/s/_________
Hon. Janis L. Sammartino
United States District Judge