Opinion
2003-07378.
Decided June 28, 2004.
In an action to recover damages for personal injuries, etc., the defendant International Services Systems, Inc., appeals from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Knipel, J.), dated July 16, 2003, as denied its motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint and all cross claims insofar as asserted against it and as granted that branch of the cross motion of the defendant Olympia York Maiden Lane Company which was for summary judgment on that defendant's cross claim against it for contractual indemnification.
Motola Klar Dinowitz Carfora, LLP, New York, N.Y. (David H. Motola, Kevin F. Pinter, Stefanie R. Cardarelli, and Kimberly A. Ricciardi of counsel), for appellant.
Paparian Associates, LLC, New York, N.Y. (Glenn T. Paparian of counsel), for plaintiff-respondent.
Before: FRED T. SANTUCCI, J.P., ROBERT W. SCHMIDT, REINALDO E. RIVERA, ROBERT A. LIFSON, JJ.
DECISION ORDER
ORDERED that the order is modified, on the law, by (1) deleting the provision thereof denying that branch of the motion of the defendant International Services Systems, Inc., which was for summary judgment dismissing the complaint insofar as asserted against it and substituting therefor a provision granting that branch of the motion, and (2) deleting the provision thereof granting that branch of the cross motion of the defendant Olympia York Maiden Lane Company which was for summary judgment on its cross claim against the defendant International Services Systems, Inc., and substituting therefor a provision denying that branch of the cross motion; as so modified, the order is affirmed insofar as appealed from, without costs or disbursements.
Michael Gartland allegedly slipped and fell on ice on a sidewalk in front of 59 Maiden Lane in Manhattan. This action was commenced against, among others, Olympia York Maiden Lane Company (hereinafter Olympia), the abutting landowner, and International Services Systems, Inc. (hereinafter ISS), the company hired by Olympia to provide, inter alia, snow removal services for 59 Maiden Lane. The Supreme Court, inter alia, denied ISS's motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint and all cross claims asserted against it and granted that branch of Olympia's motion which was for summary judgment on its cross claim against ISS for contractual indemnification.
Where a cleaning services contract is not a comprehensive and exclusive property maintenance obligation intended to displace a landowner's duty to maintain the property, as is the case with the agreement herein, the contractor owes no duty of reasonable care to prevent foreseeable harm to an injured plaintiff ( see Espinal v. Melville Snow Contrs., 98 N.Y.2d 136; Gaitan v. Regional Maintenance Corp., 6 A.D.3d 495; Raynor-Brown v. Garden City Plaza Assoc., 305 A.D.2d 572, 573; Baratta v. Home Depot USA, 303 A.D.2d 434; Javurek v. Gardiner, 287 A.D.2d 544; Tuzzo v. City of New York, 286 A.D.2d 495; Cochrane v. Warwick Assocs., 282 A.D.2d 567, 568; Murphy v. M.B. Real Estate Dev. Corp., 280 A.D.2d 457). An exception to this rule is where the contractor's actions have "advanced to such a point as to have launched a force or instrument of harm" ( Moch Co. Inc. v. Rensselaer Water Co., 247 N.Y. 160, 168; see Espinal v. Melville Snow Contrs., supra at 140). A contractor who "creates or exacerbates" a harmful condition may generally be said to have "launched" it ( Espinal v. Melville Snow Contrs., supra at 142).
In opposition to ISS's prima facie demonstration of entitlement to judgment as a matter of law, the plaintiff failed to raise a triable issue of fact as to whether ISS created or exacerbated the condition ( see Alvarez v. Prospect Hosp., 68 N.Y.2d 320, 324; Zuckerman v. City of New York, 49 N.Y.2d 557, 562). The plaintiff submitted, inter alia, an affidavit of a professional engineer. The expert averred that his opinions were based on, among other things, climatological records, but he did not point to any specific part of the climatological records to justify his conclusion that water could have melted from the allegedly "over-piled" snow and refroze on the sidewalk ( see Terwilliger v. Dawes, 204 A.D.2d 433, 434). Under the circumstances, the expert's affidavit was conclusory, and thus, insufficient to defeat a motion for summary judgment ( see Zuckerman v. City of New York, supra at 562).
The Supreme Court also erred in granting that branch of Olympia's motion which was for summary judgment on its cross claim against ISS for contractual indemnification. Triable issues of fact exist which preclude such relief, and which support the Supreme Court's denial of that branch of ISS's motion which was for summary judgment dismissing the cross claim ( see Patterson v. New York City Tr. Auth., 5 A.D.3d 454; Baratta v. Home Depot USA, supra).
SANTUCCI, J.P., SCHMIDT, RIVERA and LIFSON, JJ., concur.