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applying Rule 62 standard to request to stay enforcement of a money judgment
Summary of this case from Ministry of Defense & Support for the Armed Forces v. Cubic Defense Systems, Inc.Opinion
Civil Nos. 02-00093 DAE-LEK, 02-00272DAE-LEK.
June 5, 2009.
David Vann de Cordova, Jr., Michael L. Freed, Richard B. Miller, Tom Petrus Miller LLLC, Honolulu, HI, Michael L. McAlpine, McAlpine Cozad, New Orleans, LA, for Marisco, Ltd.
Dennis M. Moran, Moran Windes and Wong, Seattle, WA, for Madee, F/V United States Coast Guard, International Specialty, Inc. as Authorized Agents for National Casualty Co.
ORDER ADOPTING MAGISTRATE'S FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION
Findings and Recommendation having been filed on May 19, 2009, and served concurrently upon those counsel of record who are registered participants of CM/ECF, and served on May 20, 2009, by First Class Mail to the addresses of record for Harry McCue, Esq. and for Michael L. McAlpine, Esq. and no objections having been filed by any party,
IT IS HEREBY ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that, pursuant to Title 28, United States Code, Section 636(b)(1)(c) and Local Rule 74.2, the "FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION TO DENY MARISCO'S MOTION FOR STAY OF ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENT ENTERED JULY 8, 2005," docket entry number [604] in 1:02-cv-00093DAE-LEK, are adopted as the opinion and order of this Court.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION TO DENY MARISCO'S MOTION FOR STAY OF ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENT ENTERED JULY 8, 2005
LESLIE E. KOBAYASHI, United States Magistrate Judge.Before the Court, pursuant to a designation by United States District Judge David Alan Ezra, is Marisco, Ltd.'s ("Marisco") Motion for Stay of Enforcement of Judgment Entered July 8, 2005 ("Motion"), filed on May 11, 2009. Dennis Moran, Esq., counsel for International Specialty, Inc., as authorized agents for National Casualty Co. ("ISI"), and Kiribati Seafood Company, LLC ("Kiribati") filed a declaration in opposition to the Motion on May 14, 2009. Marisco filed its reply on May 14, 2009. On May 15, 2009, Mr. Moran filed another declaration in opposition, and ISI/Kiribati filed a response in opposition. Marisco filed another reply on May 15, 2009. The district judge set this matter for a May 15, 2009 hearing before this Court. Appearing on behalf of Marisco were David Vann De Cordova, Esq., and, by telephone, Michael Freed, Esq., and appearing on behalf of ISI and Kiribati was Mr. Moran. After careful consideration of the Motion, supporting and opposing documents, and the arguments of counsel, this Court HEREBY FINDS AND RECOMMENDS that the Motion be DENIED for the reasons set forth below.
The Motion was originally a Motion for Temporary Restraining Order, Alternatively for Stay of Enforcement of Judgment Entered July 8, 2005. The district judge held a hearing on the motion on May 14, 2009. At the hearing, the district judge denied the request for a temporary restraining order and referred the remainder of the motion to this Court.
BACKGROUND
These consolidated cases arise from the contractual relationship between Kiribati and Marisco for the repair of Kiribati's fishing vessel, the F/V Madee. In Civil Number 02-00093, Marisco sought to collect unpaid amounts on the repair contract. In Civil Number 02-00272, ISI, Kiribati's insurer, sought to recover repair costs for damages that the Madee sustained because of Marisco's negligent attachment of its starboard rudder. Following a bench trial, the district judge awarded judgment in CV 02-00093 in favor of Marisco and against the Madee and Kiribati in the amount of $404,829.08, plus costs and pre-judgment interest, and judgment in CV 02-00272 in favor of ISI and against Marisco in the amount of $189,760.30, plus costs and pre-judgment interest.
The district judge who presided over the bench trial was the Honorable Edward Rafeedie.
The parties cross-appealed. In an unpublished decision, the Ninth Circuit reversed the judgment in CV 02-00093 and remanded the case to the district court to determine whether Marisco accepted a letter agreement in satisfaction of Kiribati's duty to pay the outstanding amounts on the repair contract. The Ninth Circuit affirmed the judgment in CV 02-00272. See Int'l Speciality, Inc. v. Madee, 269 Fed. Appx. 721 (9th Cir. 2008).
Following the remand, on June 20, 2008, this Court issued an Amended Rule 16 Scheduling Order setting trial for April 21, 2009. This Court held a settlement conference on February 9, 2009. A final pretrial conference was scheduled for March 9, 2009, but it was not held because the parties represented that they had reached a settlement. This Court instructed the parties to submit a stipulation for dismissal with prejudice by April 8, 2009. This Court scheduled status conferences regarding the settlement on March 23, 2009 and April 9, 2009. At the March 23, 2009 conference, Mr. Freed informed the Court that Mr. Moran was preparing the settlement and dismissal documents. At the April 9, 2009 conference, Mr. Vann de Cordova stated that they recently received the paperwork and that Mr. Moran was asserting an attorney's fee lien on the judgment and that the settlement documentation had not been completed. This Court reminded counsel that trial was still scheduled to commence on April 21, 2009 before the district judge. Mr. Moran did not appear at either the March 23, 2009 or the April 9, 2009 status conferences.
On April 20, 2009, Marisco and ISI submitted a stipulation stating, in its entirety:
The parties, by and through their respective counsel, hereby stipulate and agree that in the case no CV 02-00093, in which trial is scheduled for April 21, 2009 following remand from the Ninth Circuit, Judgment shall be entered in the amount of $200,000 on the August 24, 2001 written contract to pay money, plus pre-judgment interest at 10% per annum from October 1, 2001.
[Stipulated Judgment in Favor of Marisco and Against Kiribati Seafood Company, LLC. for Breach of Written Contract to Pay Money, filed 4/21/09 (dkt. no. 585) ("Stipulated Judgment"), at 2.] The district judge signed and filed the order directing the entry of judgment on April 21, 2009.
On May 7, 2009, Marisco filed a Motion to Enforce Settlement. According to Marisco, on February 20, 2009 via email, counsel reached a binding settlement agreement on behalf of the parties whereby ISI's judgment, which is held by Kiribati by assignment or settlement, would be assigned to Marisco in satisfaction of Marisco's judgment against Kiribati. Mr. Moran was to prepare the necessary paperwork. When he finally sent the draft settlement documents on April 6, 2009, they mentioned an attorney's fee lien which counsel for Marisco knew nothing about. Counsel for Marisco contacted Mr. Moran to inquire about the lien so that he could provide Marisco with more information. Before counsel could discuss the lien with Marisco, on April 10, 2009, Mr. Moran stated that ISI was taking the settlement offer off the table and would obtain writs of enforcement against Marisco's bank accounts on April 13, 2009.
After attempts to resolve the matter were unsuccessful, Kiribati/ISI submitted a Declaration and Request for Issuance of Writs of Execution on April 13, 2009. On or about April 15, 2009, Marisco and Kiribati/ISI agreed to suspend any further collection actions until after May 15, 2009. In the Motion to Enforce Settlement, Marisco seeks specific enforcement of the settlement allegedly reached on February 20, 2009. This Court set the Motion to Enforce Settlement for hearing on June 16, 2009.
In the instant Motion, Marisco seeks an equitable stay of the enforcement of ISI's judgment until this Court can hear the Motion to Enforce Settlement. Marisco argues that an equitable stay is warranted because the parties did have a binding settlement agreement and Marisco will be irreparably harmed if Kiribati/ISI is allowed to collect on ISI's judgment. Marisco asserts that, if Kiribati/ISI is allowed to execute against Marisco's bank accounts, it would likely force the shutdown of Marisco's operations. Further, although the amount of Marisco's judgment against Kiribati is larger than the amount of ISI's judgment against Marisco, Marisco would not be able to collect its judgment because Kiribati has virtually no assets apart from the ISI judgment against Marisco.
Kiribati/ISI opposes the Motion arguing essentially that there is no binding agreement between the parties. Kiribati/ISI emphasizes that the parties never executed a written settlement agreement, nor did they place the terms of the purported settlement on the record. Mr. Moran states that he never had authority to bind his clients to a settlement agreement via email with Mr. Freed. Kiribati/ISI argues that there is no reason to delay enforcement of ISI's judgment against Marisco. They also contest Marisco's claim that it would be irreparably harmed by the execution. Kiribati/ISI alleges that Marisco is fully insured for the amount of the ISI judgment.
DISCUSSION
The procedural posture of this case is unusual. Marisco seeks a stay of the execution of the judgment, but it is not a stay pending post-trial motions or an appeal. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 62(b), (d). Marisco seeks a stay of the execution of the judgment in CV 02-00272 pending a post-judgment Motion to Enforce Settlement in CV 02-00093. This Court finds that a motion for stay pending appeal is the most analogous situation and will therefore apply that standard in the instant case.
The standard applicable to a motion for a stay pending appeal is similar to the standard for a motion for a preliminary injunction. See Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc. v. Winter, 502 F.3d 859, 862-63 (9th Cir. 2007) (citing Hilton v. Braunskill, 481 U.S. 770 (1987)).
The factors regulating issuance of a stay [include]: (1) whether the stay applicant has made a strong showing that he is likely to succeed on the merits; (2) whether the applicant will be irreparably injured absent a stay; (3) whether issuance of the stay will substantially injure the other parties interested in the proceeding; and (4) where the public interest lies.
Hilton emphasizes that even "failing" a strong likelihood of success on the merits, the party seeking a stay may be entitled to prevail if it can demonstrate a "substantial case on the merits" and the second and fourth factors militate in its favor.Id. at 863 (quoting Hilton, 481 U.S. at 776, 778) (alteration in original) (emphases omitted).
1. Success on the Merits
The parties dispute whether there was a binding settlement agreement requiring ISI to assign its judgment in CV 02-00272 to Marisco in satisfaction of Marisco's judgment in CV 02-00093. This Court, however, cannot even address the merits of the parties' positions on this issue if it does not have jurisdiction over the Motion to Enforce Settlement.
In general, "[e]nforcement of [a] settlement agreement . . . whether through award of damages or decree of specific performance, is more than just a continuation or renewal of the dismissed suit, and hence requires its own basis for jurisdiction." Kokkonen [v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am.], 511 [U.S. 375,] 378 [(1994)].
The doctrine of ancillary jurisdiction provides an exception to this rule. Federal courts have ancillary jurisdiction "over some matters (otherwise beyond their competence) that are incidental to other matters properly before them." Id. Specifically, a federal court has jurisdiction to enforce a settlement agreement in a dismissed case when the dismissal order incorporates the settlement terms, or the court has retained jurisdiction over the settlement contract. Id. at 381-82, 114 S.Ct. 1673. In both instances, the party seeking enforcement of the settlement agreement must allege a violation of the settlement agreement in order to establish ancillary jurisdiction. See O'Connor [v. Colvin], 70 F.3d [530,] 532 [(9th Cir. 1995)] ("Without a violation of the court's order, there is no jurisdiction.").Alvarado v. Table Mountain Rancheria, 509 F.3d 1008, 1017 (9th Cir. 2007) (some alterations in original).
In the present case, the Stipulated Judgment neither sets forth the terms of the settlement allegedly requiring the assignment of the judgment in CV 02-00272, nor does it state that the district court retains jurisdiction over the settlement. This Court is therefore inclined to find that there is no jurisdiction over the parties' settlement, assuming that there was one. Marisco has failed to make a strong showing that it is likely to succeed on the merits of the Motion to Enforce Settlement. 2. Irreparable Injury and the Public Interest
Under Hilton, however, a party that fails to make a strong showing that it is likely to succeed on the merits can still obtain a stay of the enforcement of judgment if it has a substantial case on merits and the possibility of irreparable harm if a stay is denied and the public interest weigh in favor of granting the stay. Even assuming, arguendo, that Marisco had a substantial case on the merits of the Motion to Enforce Settlement, this Court would not recommend a stay of the enforcement of judgment.
ISI's judgment in CV 02-00272, originally $189,760.30 plus ten percent interest from October 8, 2001, is currently worth approximately $360,000. Marisco has represented that, if ISI is allowed to go forward with its writs of execution against Marisco's bank accounts, it could effectively grind Marisco's operations to a halt. Marisco's payroll checks would bounce and it would severely disrupt the services that Marisco provides to its customers, including the United States Navy. Further, Marisco would likely be unable to collect its judgment against Kiribati in CV 02-00093 for $200,000, plus ten percent interest from October 1, 2001. Mr. Moran admitted during the hearing on the Motion that the only asset that Kiribati has is the Madee, which is in Tahiti. He has also stated in emails to Marisco's counsel that Kiribati does not have any money and that Kiribati has many other unsecured creditors. [Marisco's Reply to Decl. of Dennis Moran, filed 5/14/09 (dkt. no. 593), Decl. of Counsel, Exh. A at 1, 5.] Mr. Moran also stated that, of the approximately $360,000 judgment that ISI has against Marisco, $309,323 is subject to his attorney's fee lien, leaving a little less than $50,000 potentially available to Marisco to satisfy the judgment in CV 02-00093, which would be worth approximately $370,000. [Id. at 1.] This Court therefore finds that Marisco will be irreparably injured if the enforcement of the judgment in CV 02-00272 is not stayed.
Mr. Moran wrote this e-mail on April 10, 2009, before the entry of the Stipulated Judgment, on the assumption that Marisco would obtain a judgment for $200,000 plus twelve percent interest. [Marisco's Reply to Decl. of Dennis Moran, filed 5/14/09 (dkt. no. 593), Decl. of Counsel, Exh. A at 1.]
Marisco, however, must also prove that the public interest weighs in favor of granting the stay. Cases implicating a public interest involve, for example, the preservation of the environment or national defense. See, e.g., Natural Res. Def. Council, 502 F.3d at 863. In contrast, the instant cases involve a private matter between two companies. The Court therefore finds that the public interest does not weigh in favor of a stay pending the resolution of the Motion to Enforce Settlement.
Thus, even assuming, arguendo, that Marisco has a substantial case on the merits of the Motion to Enforce Settlement, this Court FINDS that a stay pending the resolution of the Motion to Enforce Settlement is not warranted.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the foregoing, this Court HEREBY FINDS AND RECOMMENDS that Marisco's Motion for Stay of Enforcement of Judgment Entered July 8, 2005, filed on May 11, 2009, should be DENIED.
IT IS SO FOUND AND RECOMMENDED.