WILLIAMS, J.

This case presents a political problem seeking judicial resolution. To gain protection of their pension rights, Michigan teachers effectively lobbied for a constitutional amendment granting contractual status to retirement benefits. When it appeared that the constitutional guarantee might be impaired, the teachers turned to the courts for assistance. That litigation, culminating in a Court of Appeals decision, led to a legislative effort for a political solution. We are called upon to review this action.

The background is complex and confusing. However, the following encapsulates the significant factors:

(1) For years teachers' pensions were inadequate because they were based on unconscionably low salaries and employee contributions premised thereon. Retirement security has been further eroded because of the rise in the cost of living due to inflation.

(2) Even after the Legislature began assuming responsibility for contributions to the teachers' retirement fund, pension security was jeopardized because the Legislature did not always make adequate appropriations to fund the reserves to pay pension benefits. By the time of the 1961 Constitutional Convention, this underfunding amounted to about 600 million dollars.

(3) Provision was made in the 1963 Constitution to make pension benefit payments contractual obligations and to require adequate annual appropriations to the pension fund. Const 1963, art 9, § 24.

(4) In each fiscal year from 1963 until 1974, the Legislature appropriated adequate sums to meet anticipated post-constitution (hereinafter "post-con") retirement reserve requirements. The Legislature failed, however, to make adequate appropriation for the pre-constitution (hereinafter "pre-con") accrued retirement liabilities.

(5) In each fiscal year from 1963 until 1974, the reserves collected under the "pre-con" retirement system were sufficient to pay "pre-con" retirement benefits.

(6) In 1972 and 1974, the Legislature increased benefits for both "pre-con" and "post-con" retirants.

(7) From fiscal 1974-1975 to 1976-1977, when the "pre-con" reserves were exhausted, the Michigan Public School Employees' Retirement System (hereinafter MPSERS) "borrowed" from the "post-con" reserves to pay "pre-con" liabilities.

(8) On February 2, 1976, "pre-con" and "post-con" retirees and current MPSERS members sought equitable relief from this "borrowing" of "post-con" reserves to meet "pre-con" liabilities, filing a Complaint for Mandamus in the Court of Appeals.

(9) The Court of Appeals ruled that the MPSERS' "borrowing" was illegal and subject to mandamus. The Court additionally ruled, however, that mandamus would not lie against the Legislature to compel compensating appropriations.

(10) Thereafter, the Legislature belatedly sought to correct prior funding deficiencies through enactment of 1977 PA 275, which retroactively substituted the "entry age normal" system of accounting for the previous "attained age" system. Since the new system required a lower level of initial reserves than the former system, an excess of funds was created, approximately 475 million dollars, more than sufficient to restore the 460 million dollars "borrowed" from the "post-con" reserves.

The foregoing facts raise five issues:

I. Did the MPSERS Board violate Const 1963, art 9, § 24 by "borrowing" from "post-con" funded reserves to pay "pre-con" retiree benefits? Further, did the Court of Appeals correctly rule that a writ of mandamus might issue to terminate that "borrowing"? The answer to both questions is yes.

II. Did the Legislature violate the Constitution by underfunding the "pre-con" reserves? The answer to this question is no.

III. Did the Legislature, through its passage of 1977 PA 275, violate the constitutional proscription against impairment of contracts, Const 1963, art 9, § 24 and art 1, § 10? The answer to this question is no.

IV. Did the Legislature, through its passage of 1977 PA 275, violate the constitutional prohibition that "post-con" current service "funding shall not be used for financing unfunded accrued liabilities", i.e., "pre-con" retirement benefits, Const 1963, art 9, § 24? Can this Court by mandamus require the Legislature to refund the "post-con" current service monies used to defray "pre-con" unfunded accrued liabilities? The answer to the first question is no. The second question is moot.

V. Did 1977 PA 275 satisfy (a) constitutional funding and (b) the prayers in plaintiffs' complaint? If not, what can this Court do to give relief? The answer to both questions is that there is insufficient data in the record to resolve these questions and that this Court is remanding the matter to the Court of Appeals to establish the necessary data.

FACTS

This action for mandamus was initially commenced in the Court of Appeals on February 2, 1976. 78 Mich. App. 316; 259 N.W.2d 463 (1977), reh den. Plaintiffs alleged, inter alia, that defendants were misapplying "post-con" funded reserves to pay "pre-con" unfunded accrued liabilities, contrary to Const 1963, art 9, § 24, which provides:

"The accrued financial benefits of each pension plan and retirement system of the state and its political subdivisions shall be a contractual obligation thereof which shall not be diminished or impaired thereby.

"Financial benefits arising on account of service rendered in each fiscal year shall be funded during that year and such funding shall not be used for financing unfunded accrued liabilities."

More specifically, plaintiffs contended that these "post-con" monies were appropriated by the Legislature only to cover the annual contributions, or "current service" monies, made to MPSERS on behalf of currently employed MPSERS members. The "post-con" monies could not legally be utilized to meet MPSERS "pre-con" unfunded accrued liabilities.

In years prior to the Constitution of 1963, the Legislature did not always make adequate appropriations to maintain the MPSERS on an actuarially sound basis. At the time of the 1961 Constitutional Convention, the unfunded accrued liabilities of the MPSERS exceeded reserves by approximately 600 million dollars. The practical effect of this underfunding was that many pensioners had accumulated years of service for which insufficient money had been set aside in the pension reserve funds to pay the benefits to which their years of service entitled them. These pensioners sought relief in the 1961 Constitutional Convention and achieved Const 1963, art 9, § 24.

Following the adoption of the 1963 Constitution, the MPSERS Board commenced using the "attained age" method of valuation to determine the amount of the state's contribution to MPSERS.

The Legislature has, in recent years, supplemented the retirement income for previously retired members of the MPSERS. 1972 PA 258, § 172; MCL 388.1272; MSA 15.1919(672) set, with restrictions, a $3,000 yearly minimum retirement benefit for pre-1956 retirants. In 1972 the Legislature increased the retirement allowances for members who had retired between 1956 and 1971 by between 1% and 15%, depending upon how long ago the member retired. 1972 PA 258, § 174; MCL 388.1274; MSA 15.1919(674). The Legislature further increased retirement allowances for members who retired between 1956 and 1973 by between 1% and 17% in MCL 38.227d; MSA 15.893(27d). 1974 PA 244.

Until 1974, deficiencies in appropriations for "pre-con" retirees were met through disbursement of funds which had been accumulated in the retirement system prior to the effective date of the 1963 Constitution. These "pre-con" reserves were exhausted in the 1974-1975 fiscal year. The MPSERS Board was therefore without adequate funds to pay the benefits due approximately 45,000 retirees and beneficiaries with "pre-con" service. Rather than making partial benefit payments to retirees with only "pre-con" benefit entitlement, the MPSERS Board in effect extralegally "borrowed" $459,618,725.86 from the "post-con" current service reserves, and made monthly pension payments out of these funds. If the board had not done this, the retirement payroll would have been reduced by 69% with the major burden falling on the oldest retirees.

Under these circumstances, plaintiffs, both "pre-con" and "post-con" retirees and presently working MPSERS members, brought this suit. On September 12, 1977, the Court of Appeals held that a writ of mandamus would issue, requiring the defendant MPSERS Board to cease, as unconstitutional, the use of MPSERS "post-con" funded reserves to defray "pre-con" unfunded accrued liabilities. It declined, however, to order the Legislature to appropriate compensating funds to the MPSERS. 78 Mich. App. 316; 259 N.W.2d 463 (1977), reh den.

Because legislation responding to plaintiffs' prayer was pending, defendants requested rehearing to delay the effective date of the Court of Appeals writ to March 31, 1978. Rehearing was denied.

Both plaintiffs and defendants subsequently filed applications for leave to appeal in this Court. Shortly thereafter, however, defendants applied for dismissal of their application, asserting that the issues raised therein were rendered moot by the December 15, 1977 enactment of 1977 PA 275, MCL 38.227(2); MSA 15.893(27)(2) and MCL 38.345; MSA 15.893(85).

This Court granted both plaintiffs' and defendants' applications for leave to appeal. Oral argument was held on November 15, 1978.

QUESTION I. DID THE MPSERS BOARD VIOLATE THE CONSTITUTION?

Question I is "Did the MPSERS Board violate Const 1963, art 9, § 24 by `borrowing' from `post-con' funded reserves to pay `pre-con' retiree benefits?" While the MPSERS Board acted altruistically in meeting the urgent needs of the "pre-con" retirees through its "borrowing" scheme, the board directly violated the specific language of Const 1963, art 9, § 24, which reads in pertinent part as follows: "* * * such funding ["post-con" reserves] shall not be used for financing ["pre-con"] unfunded accrued liabilities".

The second part of Question I is "Did the Court of Appeals correctly rule that a writ of mandamus might issue * * *?" The Court of Appeals correctly held the MPSERS Board's "borrowing" illegal and therefore subject to mandamus. We affirm both actions. However, for reasons subsequently to be discussed, we vacate the order allowing mandamus in the nature of a writ of prohibition since the reason for that order was rendered moot by the enactment of 1977 PA 275, i.e., the Legislature has appropriated and indicated it will appropriate to cover "pre-con" benefits, thereby removing the occasion for the board to "borrow".

QUESTION II. RE LEGISLATIVE UNDERFUNDING OF "PRE-CON" RESERVES

Question II is "Did the Legislature violate the Constitution by underfunding the `pre-con' reserves?" Until the adoption of Const 1963, art 9, § 24, legislative appropriation for retirement fund reserves was considered to be an ex gratia action. Consequently, the most that could be said about "pre-con" legislative appropriations for retirees was that there was some kind of implied commitment to fund pension reserves. Obviously, since the Legislature was under no constitutional obligation to fund "pre-con" retirement reserves at a given level, the Legislature did not violate the Constitution in failing to do so. Accordingly, there is no need to address whether a legal remedy might be involved.

QUESTION III. DOES 1977 PA 275 IMPAIR A CONTRACT?

Question III is "Did the Legislature, through its passage of 1977 PA 275, violate the constitutional proscription against impairment of contract, Const 1963, art 9, § 24 and art 1, § 10?"

Plaintiffs argue that retrospective reallocation of previously appropriated current service monies impairs the obligation of contract in contravention of the Michigan and United States Constitutions.

Plaintiffs' argument that retrospective reallocation is constitutionally impermissible must focus on the phrase "accrued financial benefits" found in Const 1963, art 9, § 24 which provides in pertinent part:

"The accrued financial benefits of each pension plan and retirement, system of the state and its political subdivisions shall be a contractual obligation thereof which shall not be diminished or impaired thereby." (Emphasis added.)

The term "accrued financial benefits" was defined by this Court in Advisory Opinion re Constitutionality of 1972 PA 258 , 389 Mich. 659, 662-663; 209 N.W.2d 200 (1973), as the right to receive certain pension payments upon retirement, based upon service performed. Plaintiffs assert that their contractual rights to receive future pension payments have been impaired by the Legislature's retrospective adoption of the "entry age normal" funding system, because monies previously appropriated for current service — which plaintiffs label "accrued financial benefits" — have been reallocated to defray unfunded accrued liabilities.

A clear distinction must be drawn between the right to receive pension benefits and the funding method adopted by the Legislature to assure that monies are available for the payment of such benefits. It must be emphasized that this case does not involve the firmly established right of public employees to receive pension payments as those payments become due. In this case, that obligation has been fully met, and plaintiffs make no substantial claims that it will not continue to be met.

Since plaintiffs' arguments regarding impairment of contract stand or fall on whether "[t]he accrued financial benefits * * * [are] diminished or impaired", Const 1963, art 9, § 24, and since there is no dispute that full pension payments are being or will be timely made, we hold there is no impairment of contract involved.

While it is clear that the constitutional proscription against impairment of contract relates to "accrued financial benefits", and "accrued financial benefits" are not the same thing as the "system" of funding, we cannot say that there is no logical or historical connection between the two. It is logical that if appropriations to pension reserves are consistently less than payments of pension benefits, the time will come when reserves will be exhausted. Such a history is presented by the facts of this very case inasmuch as, immediately subsequent to the adoption of the "post-con" retirement system, the Legislature began to underfund the "pre-con" system. The result was that in a few years the reserves for "pre-con" benefits had become exhausted, and the alleged raid on the "post-con" reserves was made.

Arguendo, let us examine the substitution of the entry age normal system for the attained age system as though the funding system were within the protection of the constitutional "contractual obligation * * * which shall not be diminished or impaired".

We are of the opinion, and plaintiffs concede, that both the former "attained age" and present "entry age normal" methods of funding are generally accepted and actuarially sound, and provide equivalent reserves for payment of pension benefits. While the methods differ in their technical requirements, neither pension benefits nor long-term reserves are effectively modified by the adoption of one funding system rather than the other. Thus, the signal feature of the instant substitution is that the reserves from which pension benefits will ultimately be paid under the "entry age normal" method are equal to those generated by the initially selected "attained age" funding system.

To sum up, while the Legislature's constitutional contractual obligation is not to impair "accrued financial benefits", even if that obligation also related to the funding system, there would be no impairment of the contractual obligation because the substituted "entry age normal" system supports the benefit structure as strongly as the replaced "attained age" system.

QUESTION IV. DOES 1977 PA 275 VIOLATE CONST 1963, ART 9, § 24 BY USING CURRENT SERVICE FUNDS TO FINANCE UNFUNDED ACCRUED LIABILITIES?

Question IV is "Did the Legislature, through its passage of 1977 PA 275, violate the constitutional prohibition that `post-con' current service `funding shall not be used for financing unfunded accrued liabilities', i.e., `pre-con' retirement benefits?"

Plaintiffs concede that defendants could have originally used the "entry age normal" method for post-1963 current service funding without violating Const 1963, art 9, § 24. Plaintiffs contend, however, that retrospective application of that method is indicative of financial irresponsibility, because the retrospective adoption essentially permits defendants to violate with impunity the constitutional prohibition against payment of unfunded accrued liabilities with current service monies.

The plaintiffs refer to the second paragraph of Const 1963, art 9, § 24, which reads:

"Financial benefits arising on account of service rendered in each fiscal year shall be funded during that year and such funding shall not be used for financing unfunded accrued liabilities."

Plaintiffs focus on the last clause: "such funding shall not be used for financing unfunded accrued liabilities". This, of course, is the misfeasance charged against the MPSERS Board's so-called "borrowing", a charge we found valid.

Plaintiffs now raise the very interesting question whether, through its enactment of 1977 PA 275, the Legislature used current service "funding * * * for financing" "pre-con" retirement benefits contrary to Const 1963, art 9, § 24?

Although 1977 PA 275 literally requires that "excess" "[a]ppropriations * * * shall be used to finance the unfunded accrued service liability * * *", it is clear that this legislation-created "excess" existed only on paper; rather than actually appropriating funds, the act merely evidences a paper transaction. In fact, the actual funds had been expended by action of the MPSERS Board during the 1974-1977 fiscal years. It therefore follows that the Legislature itself did not use current service "funding * * * for financing" "pre-con" retirement benefits since the MPSERS Board had already done so. In effect, the reallocation prescribed by 1977 PA 275 merely remedied the actions previously taken by the board. Essentially, the act reclassified already expended funds and created a new actuarial system which would provide adequate funds to restore the current service reserves to constitutionally satisfactory levels.

The practical rather than literal impact of 1977 PA 275 is therefore dispositive. In effect, that act accomplished exactly what plaintiffs have requested this Court to undertake pursuant to its equitable powers, i.e., to require the Legislature to replace the "borrowed" funds, in installments if necessary. Although the substituted "entry age normal" system initially has smaller reserves than those required under the previous "attained age" system, its subsequent payments increase in size to the end that "entry age" reserves ultimately equal "attained age" reserves. In short, the larger later payments associated with the "entry age normal" system operate to restore the reserves in installments.

We find that the retrospective reallocation of previously appropriated current service monies did not violate Const 1963, art 9, § 24, ¶ 2, since the Legislature did not improperly expend current service funds, but merely transferred paper credits to validate actions already taken by the MPSERS Board. We hold, further, that the effect of 1977 PA 275 is to restore pension reserves to the status quo after a period of years. This restoration renders it unnecessary for us to consider the question whether mandamus will lie to induce restorative legislative appropriations.

QUESTION V. DID 1977 PA 275 SATISFY CONSTITUTIONAL FUNDING AND PLAINTIFFS' PRAYERS?

Passage of 1977 PA 275 drastically changed the focus of this case. Prior thereto plaintiffs had the burden of proof; subsequently the burden of proof shifted to defendants. According to plaintiffs' complaint for the fiscal years 1974-1975 and 1975-1976, the Legislature appropriated inadequate funds to cover both the "post-con" current service requirements and the "pre-con" unfunded accrued liabilities, i.e., the "pre-con" benefit payments. Further, according to plaintiffs' brief the MPSERS Board "borrowed" from "post-con" current service reserves to pay "pre-con" benefits. Plaintiffs' burden was to establish these facts and the Court of Appeals opinion substantially agreed they had done so. With the passage of 1977 PA 275, defendants maintained that all constitutional funding requirements were now satisfied and that the constitutional status of MPSERS was restored. It therefore became defendants' procedural obligation in this case to prove that all constitutional funding requirements were met, including rectifying any previous extra-constitutional diversions or underfunding.

Plaintiffs, in making their proofs in the Court of Appeals, developed with defendants an agreed statement of facts, which plaintiffs state in their brief "contained within it a substantial amount of the data necessary to calculate the amount of underfunding with precision". In short, plaintiffs admit that the agreed statement of facts does not have complete data to establish exactly the amount of underfunding.

Defendants in attempting to prove that 1977 PA 275 satisfies all constitutional requirements and rectifies any diversion or underfunding offer as proof the general statement following:

"Subsequently, in 1977 PA 275, MCL 38.227; MSA 15.893(27), MCL 38.345; MSA 15.893(85), the Legislature provided funds to pay the unfunded accrued liabilities portion of the MPSERS Chapters I and II 1977-1978 fiscal year retiree payroll in conformity with the writ of mandamus issued by the Court of Appeals. Further, this legislative retrospective reallocation of previously appropriated excess funds, funds derived from the difference between the attained age and entry age methods of actuarial valuation of current service contributions, provides sufficient excess funds to pay the unfunded accrued liabilities portion of the MPSERS Chapters I and II retiree payroll, for the 1974-1975 through 1977-1978 fiscal years, without using funds required for current service contributions under Const 1963, art 9, § 24. Thus, all of the claims made by plaintiffs in their petition for mandamus, concerning the alleged underfunding of the MPSERS Chapters I and II and the use of current service moneys to pay unfunded accrued liabilities during the 1974-1975 and 1975-1976 fiscal years, have been fully addressed by the Legislature in 1977 PA 275, supra, and rendered moot." (Footnote omitted.) Defendants-Appellees' Brief, pp 4-5.

This statement, like plaintiffs' proofs, is lacking in definitive figures.

This Court therefore searched the entire record in this case to find the annual appropriations required by the actuaries to properly fund current service reserves, the annual appropriations requested by the Executive to meet the actuaries' requirements and the actual appropriations specifically dedicated by the Legislature to this purpose as well as the exact amounts made available by 1977 PA 275 and related acts, if any, to determine whether any shortfall due to Executive "borrowing" or legislative underfunding was satisfied by 1977 PA 275 as claimed by defendants. This Court was unable to find data to fulfill this purpose.

Since the missing data presumably are official governmental figures, open to public inspection, this Court then sought through the Court Clerk to locate this data of which it might take judicial notice in order to determine whether indeed 1977 PA 275 did resolve past constitutional problems and render the case moot.

The Court Clerk contacted the MPSERS Board as the most likely source of information with copy of the letters requesting information to defendants. Unfortunately the data produced by this inquiry was inadequate to permit this Court to resolve the remaining legal problems in this case. The inquiry did, however, produce information that the Legislature upon recommendation of the Executive probably underfunded current services during the 1975-1978 fiscal years. Plaintiffs and defendants differ radically as to how much that underfunding was, however, the shortfall from 1974 to 1978 may have been as high as $207,698,000.

In this state of the record this Court cannot properly determine whether the Legislature has by 1977 PA 275, and other related acts, if any, satisfied the requirements of Const 1963, art 9, § 24, as defendants aver. Likewise, we cannot determine by what amounts the Legislature has failed to satisfy the requirements of Const 1963, art 9, § 24, if these requirements have not been satisfied.

In view of this situation, we remand this matter to the Court of Appeals to make such findings as necessary and such determinations as appropriate.

In passing, we cannot fail to note that separate accounting for the "pre-con" and the "post-con" "current service" reserves of the "out-state" system was terminated on June 30, 1974, and that the two accounts were merged into the pension reserve fund. Obviously these accounts serve different purposes and have different constitutional obligations. It appears that this "merging" continues, but the matter has not been specifically argued. However, it is not beyond plaintiffs' prayer for mandamus against "any * * * public officers or employees who [have not performed their] duties under 1945 PA 136, as amended" to observe that it is questionable whether there could be full compliance with the intent of such legislation and Const 1963, art 9, § 24, unless the "post-con" funding accounts are separate and apart from the unfunded accounts; otherwise, it becomes difficult or impossible to ascertain whether there has been a departure from constitutional dedication.

Finally, in the event underfunding is found by the Court of Appeals, it will be necessary for this Court to consider remedies in response thereto. Plaintiffs argued several alternatives in their thoughtful brief, including some which do not require the issuance of mandamus to the Legislature. The non-mandamus remedies focus on the potential implementation of an alleged self-executing allocation to MPSERS in Const 1963, art 9, § 11, and the potential institution of a State Treasury drawing rights priority. Defendants did not respond to the remedies proposed by plaintiffs. Rather, they maintained that the entire relief sought by plaintiffs had been granted by enactment of 1977 PA 275. We have not determined the validity of plaintiffs' arguments as to these possible remedies.

CONCLUSION

An historian reviewing the facts of this case would find a dark side and a bright side for retired pensioners.

The dark side would include the facts that: (1) inflation undermines both benefit and funding structures; (2) for fiscal years 1974-1977, the Legislature under-appropriated for "pre-con" unfunded retirees; (3) during that same period, the Executive extralegally "borrowed" from "post-con" funded reserves to pay benefits to "pre-con" unfunded retirees; (4) through its enactment of 1977 PA 275, the Legislature seemed to validate the Executive "borrowing" by the retroactive creation of a technical surplus of funds through the introduction of a new actuarial system requiring a lower level of early reserves, and (5) for fiscal years 1975-1978, the Legislature may have failed to fully fund "post-con" reserves.

The bright side would include the facts that: (1) during the entire period since the enactment of the 1963 Constitution, every retired pensioner has been paid promised benefits in full and on time; (2) during this same period, the Legislature has actually raised the amount of benefits paid to both "pre-con" and "post-con" retirees; (3) 1977 PA 275, while changing funding systems, substituted an equally sound and viable system for the one replaced — the new funding system would in effect over a period of time restore the "borrowed" funds; and (4) ever since the institution of the new actuarial system by 1977 PA 275, the Legislature has apparently appropriated the "pre-con" benefit payments and has, in effect, promised to continue to do so, thereby observing Const 1963, art 9, § 24, for the "pre-con" unfunded beneficiaries.

While counting such blessings as have come to them, public school employees are understandably still concerned about their pension security. In that regard, this opinion reminds the Legislature that the constitutional provision adopted by the people of this state is indeed a solemn contractual obligation between public employees and the Legislature guaranteeing that pension benefit payments cannot be constitutionally impaired. This opinion also sets forth that neither the Legislature nor the Executive can apply funded reserves to meet unfunded retirement obligations.

It is significant that, when this case pointed out the Constitution had been violated, the Legislature responded voluntarily by taking corrective action. So, while it is not yet clear whether 1977 PA 275 fully solved all the problems raised in this case, it is clear that in light of the constitutional separation of powers, the retirees' first dependence is on the sense of fairness and justice and the constitutional obligation of the Legislature.

As regards the Executive, this opinion indicates the courts can and will issue mandamus to enforce rights conferred by the 1963 Constitution.

The Court of Appeals decision was correct when issued. However, during appeal to this Court, the Legislature enacted 1977 PA 275. 1977 PA 275 makes the mandamus granted by the Court of Appeals no longer necessary.

Because plaintiffs proved that there was an unconstitutional diversion of monies from the "post-con" current service reserves to pay "pre-con" unfunded accrued liabilities and because defendants defended on the basis that 1977 PA 275 rectified that diversion and "provides sufficient excess funds to pay the unfunded accrued liabilities * * * for the 1974-1975 through 1977-1978 fiscal years, without using funds required for current service contributions" it became incumbent upon defendants to prove their allegations. However, the record does not disclose the data necessary to determine whether the required funds were appropriated as alleged or whether there was an actual shortfall. (See Question V, supra). Plaintiffs have in effect prayed to be made whole, and without the necessary data we cannot determine what needs to be done. We therefore remand this matter to the Court of Appeals to make such findings as necessary and to make such determinations and provide such relief as appropriate, consonant with those findings and the holdings of this opinion. The Court of Appeals may appoint a master to assist in making such findings. We do not retain jurisdiction.

No costs, a public question being involved.

COLEMAN, C.J., and KAVANAGH, LEVIN, FITZGERALD, RYAN, and BLAIR MOODY, JR., JJ., concurred with WILLIAMS, J.