Summary
In Helt, plaintiff testified that, as he was travelling south on a four-lane highway across a bridge at a speed of twenty to twenty-five miles per hour, he was about to negotiate a turn to his right and, as he did so, the rear of his vehicle skidded to the left, was then righted and after proceeding straightway about twenty-five feet the front of the vehicle again skidded and ended at right angles to the highway completely blocking the northbound lane in which defendant was travelling.
Summary of this case from Linsenmeyer v. StraitsOpinion
April 12, 1944.
July 15, 1944.
Negligence — Automobiles — Evidence — Skidding — Opportunity of other driver to avoid collision.
1. In a motor vehicle collision case, in which plaintiff testified that his truck skidded on a bridge highway and came to rest in the path of defendant, who was proceeding in the opposite direction, at a time when the latter was still between 100 and 150 feet away; and in which defendant's driver testified that when they were about 75 to 100 feet apart plaintiff's truck began to skid, that defendant's driver immediately slowed down and turned to the right as far as he could go, and that plaintiff skidded diagonally across the highway into him; it was Held that the issue was clearly presented to the jury and was one of credibility under all the circumstances.
2. Nark v. Horton Motor Lines, 331 Pa. 550, held controlling.
Practice — Trial — Charge — Issue not supported by testimony.
3. A trial judge is not required to charge as to an issue which is not supported by testimony and is therefore not properly involved.
Before KELLER, P.J., BALDRIGE, RHODES, HIRT, KENWORTHEY, RENO and JAMES, JJ.
Appeal, No. 8, April T., 1944, from judgment of C.P., Allegheny Co., July T., 1942, No. 4, in case of Roy D. Helt v. Charles Berman, trading as Charles Berman Company. Judgment affirmed.
Trespass for personal injuries and property damage. Before RICHARDSON, J.
Verdict and judgment for plaintiff in sum of $1,500. Defendant appealed.
George Y. Meyer, for appellant.
Abe R. Cohen, of Crone Cohen, for appellee.
Argued April 12, 1944.
About mid-morning, November 6, 1941, the two automobile trucks involved in this accident came into collision in the middle of a bridge leading into McKees Rocks, Allegheny County. It was raining at the time and the asphalt or macadam surface was wet. The highway and bridge is four-lane width — about 40 feet. The plaintiff was driving his half-ton pick-up truck south toward McKees Rocks; the two-ton Dodge truck of defendant was being operated by an employe of defendant north or in the opposite direction. There is no evidence of excessive speed on the part of either vehicle; plaintiff said he was travelling about twenty to twenty-five miles per hour and the only evidence of the speed of defendant's truck is the testimony of its driver that he was going about twenty miles per hour. As the vehicles approached each other plaintiff was required to negotiate a turn to his right. As he did so he went into a skid. He testified that the rear of his truck first skidded to the left; he then righted it; but after proceeding straight-away for about twenty-five feet the front skidded, he turned completely around and, when the collision occurred, plaintiff's truck was at right angles to the highway with its front against the east curb completely blocking defendant's half of the highway. Defendant did not leave his course which was close to his right or to the east curb. The front of defendant's truck collided with the right side at about the middle of plaintiff's.
The question of liability turned on a very narrow issue of fact. The plaintiff testified that he first noticed defendant's truck at or about the time his (plaintiff's) truck first started to skid and that he continued to watch it; that — and this is the crux of the case — after he had completed his skid and his truck had come to rest defendant's truck was still between 100 and 150 feet away. On the other hand, defendant's driver testified that he first noticed plaintiff's truck when they were separated by a distance of about 150 feet; that when they were about 75 to 100 feet apart plaintiff's truck started to skid; that he (defendant's driver) immediately slowed down and turned to his right as far as he could go; and that plaintiff skidded diagonally across the highway and into him.
The case was submitted to the jury on the theory that if, as plaintiff testified, he had come to rest in the path of defendant's truck at a time when the latter was 100 to 150 feet away the jury might find defendant's driver was negligent in failing to stop or turn to his left — there was evidence there were no other vehicles approaching — or in some other way avoid the collision. The jury were instructed, however, that if the accident occurred in the manner described by defendant's driver he was not at fault. The issue was clearly presented; it was one of credibility under all the circumstances.
The court could not have taken the case from the jury in view of the decision of the Supreme Court in Nark v. Horton Motor Lines, 331 Pa. 550, 1 A.2d 655. We are unable to distinguish that case in principle from the case at bar; minor differences have been sifted out and called to our attention by counsel for appellant but in our opinion they are immaterial. That case disposes of the assignments relating to the refusal of appellant's motion for judgment n.o.v. and to the weight of the evidence.
Appellant's third and final contention is that the court erred in refusing counsel's oral request that the court charge the jury that "They must take into consideration the condition of the right of way, that if Mr. Helt could not stop skidding clear across the roadway, then it is to be considered that Miller [defendant's driver] was faced with the same situation in trying to get stopped." The court refused the request on the ground he thought he had covered the matter in his charge. Perhaps, as appellant now argues, it was not adequately covered. But the question covered by the request was not involved in the case. The theory of the defendant's driver was not that he, like the plaintiff, had lost control of his truck because of the slippery condition. He insisted that his truck was under control at all times. The only issue of fact was the one we have mentioned; if the court had charged the jury as requested it would have injected into the case a new issue unsupported by testimony and for that reason not properly involved: Heffner v. Chambers, 121 Pa. 84, 15 A. 492; Keeler Co. v. Schott, 1 Pa. Super. 458.
The judgment is affirmed.