Opinion
No. 05-146.
Opinion delivered March 10, 2005.
1. CERTIORARI, WRIT OF — ISSUANCE OF — PURPOSE. — Certiorari is an original writ issuing from a superior to an inferior tribunal requiring the inferior tribunal to forward the record of a proceeding to the superior tribunal for consideration there; certiorari, except in so far as it has been enlarged and extended by statute, is a common-law prerogative writ issued from a superior court directed to one of inferior jurisdiction, commanding the latter to certify and return to the former the record in the particular case.
2. CERTIORARI, WRIT OF — REVIEW AVAILABLE — WRIT ONE OF DISCRETION. — The review available under certiorari is limited to errors appearing on the face of the record; matters not contained in the record are simply not subject to appellate review; further, a writ of certiorari is not a writ of right but a writ of discretion.
3. JURISDICTION — MATTERS OF ORIGINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION — PLEADINGS WITH CERTIFIED EXHIBITS FROM TRIAL COURT ARE TREATED AS RECORD. — Arkansas Supreme Court Rule 6-1 (a) provides that in cases in which the jurisdiction of the supreme court is in fact appellate, although in form original, such as petitions for writs of prohibition, certiorari, or mandamus, the pleadings with certified exhibits from the trial court are treated as the record.
4. JURISDICTION — UNCERTIFIED COPY OF CHALLENGED ORDER ATTACHED TO PETITION — COURT HAD NO BASIS ON WHICH TO ACT. — The record before the supreme court consisted of the petition and the State's brief in response; petitioner conceded that an uncertified copy of the challenged order was attached to its petition because the record in the underlying case was filed under seal with the circuit court; without a certified copy of the circuit court's order, the supreme court had no basis on which to act.
5. CERTIORARI, WRIT OF — PRODUCTION OF CERTIFIED DOCUMENTS UNDER SEAL ORDERED — PETITION GRANTED IN PART. — Because an uncertified copy of the challenged order was provided to the supreme court, the court ordered production of the following documents to be certified to it under seal: first, the circuit court's January 6, 2005, order and any related pleadings that are contained in the underlying case file within thirty days of this per curiam; second, the court reporter in the underlying case shall transcribe the January 6 hearing in that case, and shall certify and transmit it to the supreme court under seal within thirty days of this per curiam order; thus, the petition for writ of certiorari was granted in part on the certification issue.
Appeal from Phillips Circuit Court; L.T. Simes, Judge, Petition for Writ of Certiorari granted in part.
Wright, Lindsey Jennings, LLP, by: Troy A. Price, for petitioner.
Mike Beebe, Att'y Gen., by: Sherri L. Robinson, Ass't Att'y Gen., for appellee.
Petitioner, The Helena Daily World ("the Daily World"), a newspaper of general circulation located in Phillips County, filed a petition for writ of certiorari, requesting that we direct the respondents, Phillips County Circuit Court, by and through the Honorable L.T. Simes, and Wanda McIntosh, the clerk of the Phillips County Circuit Court ("clerk"), to certify and transmit the record of proceedings in an underlying case of City of West Helena v. Johnny Weaver, et al., No. Civ. 2005-4, to our court for review, and to dissolve an injunction, restraining order, and protective order that prohibits the Daily World from publishing information relating to a case heard by the Arkansas Judicial Discipline and Disability Commission ("Commission"). We grant the petition for writ of certiorari on the issue of certifying the record.
On January 6, 2005, at a hearing in the Weaver case, Mr. Weaver and his attorney made reference to a matter that was pending before the Commission. On January 7, 2005, the circuit court issued an injunction, restraining order, and protective order as a result of the reference to the pending matter. In its order, the circuit court enjoined the parties, their attorneys, "and the entities known as the Daily World . . . and any and all persons present at the hearing on said date [January 6, 2005] from communicating in any fashion whatsoever, i.e., speaking, writing, printing, distributing or disseminating any information heard or received at the said hearing relating to the [Commission]." The Daily World attached an uncertified copy of this order to its petition for writ of certiorari.
The Daily World is not a party to the underlying proceedings below in the Weaver case.
On February 7, 2005, the Daily World filed its petition for writ of certiorari, stating that a record was not filed with its petition because the clerk sealed the file at the direction of the circuit court. The Daily World argues that the circuit court's order operates as a prior restraint and violates its fundamental rights of free speech and freedom of the press under the United States and Arkansas Constitutions. Further, the Daily World avers that it seeks to report on testimony, which is "of vital importance to the citizens of Phillips County," regarding the matter before the Commission. The Daily World requests that we dissolve the injunction of the circuit court.
The State filed a response to the Daily World's petition for writ of certiorari on February 17, 2005. In its response, the State argues that the Daily World is not entitled to a writ of certiorari because, notwithstanding that a reference to the case before the Commission was made in open court at the January 6 hearing, the matter was not yet public information and should remain confidential under Ark. Code Ann. § 16-10-404(b)(2). The State further contends that the circuit court's order was narrowly tailored and did not infringe upon the Daily World's free-speech rights.
On February 24, 2005, by letter order, we ordered that the Daily World's petition be submitted as a case. [1, 2] We now consider the Daily World's petition for writ of certiorari. We have said that certiorari is an original writ issuing from a superior to an inferior tribunal requiring the inferior tribunal to forward the record of a proceeding to the superior tribunal for consideration there. Huffman v. Arkansas Judicial Discipline and Disability Comm'n, 344 Ark. 274, 278, 42 S.W.3d 386, 389 (2001) (citing Auditor v. Davies, 2 Ark. 494 (1840)). Certiorari, except in so far as it has been enlarged and extended by statute, is a common-law prerogative writ issued from a superior court directed to one of inferior jurisdiction, commanding the latter to certify and return to the former the record in the particular case. Huffman, supra (citing McAllister v. McAllister, 200 Ark. 171, 138 S.W.2d 1040 (1940)). The review available under certiorari is thus limited to errors appearing on the face of the record. Hanley v. Arkansas State Claims Comm'n, 333 Ark. 159, 970 S.W.2d 198 (1998); Hardin v. Norsworthy, 204 Ark. 943, 165 S.W.2d 609 (1942). Matters not contained in the record are simply not subject to appellate review. Smith v. Smith, 337 Ark. 583, 990 S.W.2d 550 (1999). Further, a writ of certiorari is not a writ of right but a writ of discretion. Ricci v. Poole, 253 Ark. 324, 485 S.W.2d 728 (1972); Hill v. Taylor, 199 Ark. 695, 135 S.W.2d 825 (1940).
[3, 4] The record before us consists of the Daily World's petition and the State's brief in response. The Daily World concedes that an uncertified copy of the challenged order is attached to its petition because the record in the Weaver case was filed under seal with the circuit court. Rule 6-1(a) of the Rules of the Arkansas Supreme Court provides that in cases in which the jurisdiction of this court is in fact appellate, although in form original, such as petitions for writs of prohibition, certiorari, or mandamus, the pleadings with certified exhibits from the trial court are treated as the record. See also Jackson v. Tucker, 325 Ark. 318, 927 S.W.2d 336 (1996). Without a certified copy of the circuit court's order before us, we have no basis on which to act.
[5] Therefore, we order the production of the following documents to be certified to us under seal. First, the Phillips County clerk shall certify and transmit under seal the circuit court's January 6, 2005, order and any related pleadings that are contained in the Weaver file within thirty days of this per curiam. Second, the court reporter in the Weaver case shall transcribe the January 6 hearing in the Weaver case, and shall certify and transmit it to us under seal within thirty days of this per curiam order.
We decline to address the Daily World's request to dissolve the injunction, restraining order, and protective order that prohibits the Daily World from publishing information relating to the case heard by the Commission. Once the ordered documents are filed with our court, we shall consider setting a briefing schedule on the Daily World's prior-restraint argument.
Petition for writ of certiorari granted in part on the certification issue.