Summary
affirming dismissal of claim that a state department of correction's prohibition of smoking in prison visitation area violated plaintiff's constitutional rights
Summary of this case from Washington v. DenneyOpinion
No. 89-2957.
Submitted May 17, 1990.
Decided May 29, 1990.
Larry Wayne Grass, pro se.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas.
Before McMILLIAN, FAGG and BOWMAN, Circuit Judges.
Larry Wayne Grass, an Arkansas inmate, appeals from the district court's dismissal of his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 complaint asserting a violation of his constitutional rights by the Arkansas Department of Correction's newly implemented policy prohibiting smoking in the prison visitation area during visiting hours.
There is no constitutional right to smoke in prison. See Doughty v. Board of County Comm'rs, 731 F. Supp. 423, 426 (D.Colo. 1989). The state regulation Grass cites directs prison officials to establish a smoking policy, but does not contain particularized substantive criteria to guide the officials or mandatory language requiring them to act in a certain way and thus does not create a liberty interest. See Williams v. Armontrout, 852 F.2d 377, 379 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 109 S.Ct. 564, 102 L.Ed.2d 589 (1988). Grass's complaint must also fail as an eighth amendment claim because the policy does not deprive inmates of a "minimal civilized measure of life's necessities." Rhodes v. Chapman, 452 U.S. 337, 347, 101 S.Ct. 2392, 2399, 69 L.Ed.2d 59 (1981). We agree with the district court that the complaint has no basis in law and is nothing more than a claim of infringement of a legal interest that does not exist. See Neitzke v. Williams, ___ U.S. ___, 109 S.Ct. 1827, 1831, 1833, 104 L.Ed.2d 338 (1989).
Accordingly, we affirm.