Opinion
Argued October 25, 1934 —
Decided January 10, 1935.
1. The Supreme Court on return of a rule to show cause why certiorari should not issue, heard the whole matter, by agreement with counsel, as though a writ had issued, and decided accordingly. Appeal was taken without formal issue and return of a writ, based on the papers submitted under the rule to show cause. Held, that the appeal must be dismissed for want of a proper record.
2. Where the judgment of the Supreme Court in certiorari is supported by a substantial basis of testimony, the Court of Errors and Appeals will not review the facts.
3. Standard Water Systems Co. v. Ort., 110 N.J.L. 586 , explained.
On appeal from the Supreme Court, whose per curiam opinion is printed in 12 N.J. Mis. R. 653; 174 Atl. Rep. 223.
For the appellant, Herbert R. Baer.
For the respondents, David Roskein.
At the outset we are confronted by an anomaly in procedure. The case was argued before us as though a writ of certiorari had been allowed by the Supreme Court, issued and returned, argument regularly had thereon, and judgment entered. The printed book shows a different state of things. There was a rule to show cause why such a writ should not issue, such rule returnable before the court in banc, and argued at the May term, 1934. As may be read in the opinion of the Supreme Court, counsel agreed at the argument, and with the consent of the court, that the controversy be considered and decided as if a writ had issued in due course, and the matter "proceed to judgment accordingly." The court thereupon decided the whole controversy on the merits, and concluded by saying: "In accordance with the agreement of counsel, a writ of certiorari will be considered as issued, and the judgment of this court is that the judgment brought up by the writ of certiorari will be affirmed, with costs." The rule entered on this opinion reads in the deciding part: "It is ordered, that the writ of certiorari will be considered as issued and dismissed with costs, and that the judgment brought up by the said writ will be affirmed in favor of the petitioner-respondent, and the record be remanded to the court below to be proceeded with according to law and the practice of said court." Apparently, this rule was entered on the opinion by the attorney for the prevailing party, as no signature of a justice of the court appears thereon: and none was needed under the circumstances.
We have before us, therefore, for review, a rule as for "judgment" based on a non-existent writ of certiorari. So far as relates to the hearing and determination of the whole merit of the controversy, by the Supreme Court, no criticism is here intended, as the practice has much to commend it in saving lost motion and in speed of final decision. But when that decision has been rendered, and an unsuccessful party seeks a review, it is his duty to see that the reviewing court has a record, in certiorari, as in any other case, on which to proceed. Strictly speaking, the situation here presented amounts to little, if anything, more than a discharge of the rule to show cause after hearing the merits fully. In effect it was either a refusal of a writ or the vacation of a fictitious allocatur. In either case appeal will not lie. Daniel B. Frazier Co. v. Long Beach, 110 N.J.L. 221; Post v. Anderson, 111 Id. 303. The situation is much like that obtaining in mandamus, when, after rule to show cause, a writ of mandamus is refused: in which case the court may or may not permit the issuance of an alternative writ and the framing of a record thereon as a basis of appeal. But a record there must be: except in cases within section 6 of the Mandamus act. Pamph. L. 1903, p. 380; Comp. Stat., p. 3216; Browne v. King, 91 N.J.L. 317; Trinkle v. Donnelly, 98 Id. 298. Stipulations by attorneys or counsel cannot take the place of a record. Advance Development Corp. v. Jersey City, 105 Id. 234.
The appeal will be dismissed; but in order to forestall any application for leave to frame a record and reinstate the appeal based thereon, we may as well say that as the attack is on findings of fact, first by the Common Pleas, and again by the Supreme Court, it is, on well settled principles not cognizable here if there was any evidence to support those findings. Moran v. Jersey City, 58 N.J.L. 653; Suburban Land Co. v. Vailsburgh, 68 Id. 311; Kohn v. Tilt, 103 Id. 110 . There was substantial evidence to support them. Counsel for prosecutor argue on weight of evidence, and invoke the obiter remark of this court in Standard Water Systems Co. v. Ort, 110 Id. 586, 587, where the last sentence of the opinion reads: "The weight of medical testimony indicates that the petitioner's decedent died of angina pectoris." That this was purely obiter and in no way determinative of the appeal, is plain from a reading of an earlier sentence: "There is nothing in the record to show that an accident occurred while the decedent was at work."
So far as relates to the award of counsel fees, we concur in what was said on that subject by the Supreme Court.
The appeal is dismissed, with costs.
For dismissal — THE CHANCELLOR, CHIEF JUSTICE, PARKER, LLOYD, CASE, BODINE, DONGES, VAN BUSKIRK, KAYS, HETFIELD, DEAR, WELLS, JJ. 12.