Summary
finding verdict not against the weight of the evidence where "defendants presented evidence establishing several explanations concerning how the accident could have occurred, all of which were unrelated to the defect in the sidewalk curb that allegedly caused plaintiff to fall."
Summary of this case from Jackson v. White Castle Sys., Inc.Opinion
2011-12-30
Tammy FINNEGAN, Plaintiff–Appellant, v. The PETER, SR. & MARY L. LIBERATORE FAMILY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, Peter A. Liberatore, Peter Liberatore, Sr., Lincoln Square, Lincoln Square Apartments and John Doe, Whose Identity is Presently Unknown, Defendants–Respondents.
Cellino & Barnes, P.C., Buffalo (Michael J. Cooper of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Appellant. Cohen & Lombardo, P.C., Buffalo (James J. Nash of Counsel), for Defendants–Respondents.
Cellino & Barnes, P.C., Buffalo (Michael J. Cooper of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Appellant. Cohen & Lombardo, P.C., Buffalo (James J. Nash of Counsel), for Defendants–Respondents.
PRESENT: SCUDDER, P.J., CENTRA, CARNI, LINDLEY, AND MARTOCHE, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Plaintiff commenced this action seeking damages for injuries she sustained when she fell while exiting her townhouse at defendants' apartment complex. A trial was conducted, following which the jury found that defendants were negligent in their maintenance of the premises but that such negligence was not a substantial factor in bringing about plaintiff's injuries.
Contrary to plaintiff's contention, Supreme Court properly denied her motion seeking judgment notwithstanding the verdict or, in the alternative, to set aside the verdict as inconsistent and therefore against the weight of the evidence, which relief would result in a new trial ( see CPLR 4404[a] ). A jury verdict finding that a defendant was negligent but that such negligence was not a proximate cause of the plaintiff's injury is not inherently inconsistent ( see Waild v. Boulos [Appeal No. 2], 2 A.D.3d 1284, 1285, 770 N.Y.S.2d 253, lv. denied 2 N.Y.3d 703, 778 N.Y.S.2d 462, 810 N.E.2d 915; Rubin v. Pecoraro, 141 A.D.2d 525, 526, 529 N.Y.S.2d 142). Rather, it is only “where a jury's findings with regard to negligence and proximate cause are irreconcilably inconsistent [that] the judgment cannot stand” ( Pimpinella v. McSwegan, 213 A.D.2d 232, 233, 623 N.Y.S.2d 863). Stated differently, findings that a defendant was negligent but that the defendant's negligence was not a proximate cause of the plaintiff's injuries are irreconcilably inconsistent when those issues are “so inextricably interwoven as to make it logically impossible to find negligence without also finding proximate cause” ( Rubin, 141 A.D.2d at 527, 529 N.Y.S.2d 142; see Johnson v. Schrader [Appeal No. 2], 299 A.D.2d 815, 816, 750 N.Y.S.2d 244). Here, defendants presented evidence establishing several explanations concerning how the accident could have occurred, all of which were unrelated to the defect in the sidewalk curb that allegedly caused plaintiff to fall. We thus conclude that the evidence on the issue of causation does not so preponderate in favor of plaintiff that the verdict could not have been reached on any fair interpretation of the evidence and that the verdict therefore is not against the weight of the evidence ( see Villani v. Beamer, 11 A.D.3d 918, 919, 782 N.Y.S.2d 237; Skowronski v. Mordino, 4 A.D.3d 782, 782–783, 771 N.Y.S.2d 625).
Finally, we reject plaintiff's contention that the court erred in denying her motion in limine seeking to preclude defendants from offering evidence of certain entries in a log book concerning plaintiff's report of her fall and injury. A trial court has broad discretion in supervising the discovery process, and its determinations will not be disturbed absent an abuse of that discretion ( see United Airlines v. Ogden N.Y. Servs., 305 A.D.2d 239, 240, 761 N.Y.S.2d 16; see also Davis v. Eddy Cohoes Rehabilitation Ctr., 307 A.D.2d 637, 762 N.Y.S.2d 530; CPLR 2004, 3126). Inasmuch as plaintiff was afforded ample opportunity to conduct discovery prior to trial, including being afforded the opportunity to depose defendants' employee who witnessed her oral report of her fall before it was reduced to writing, we cannot agree that the court abused it discretion in denying her motion in limine. Under the circumstances, we conclude that plaintiff failed to establish in support of her motion either prejudice or a willful failure to disclose the evidence in question ( see Harrington v. Palmer Mobile Homes, Inc., 71 A.D.3d 1274, 1275, 900 N.Y.S.2d 152; Mead v. Dr. Rajadhyax' Dental Group, 34 A.D.3d 1139, 1140, 824 N.Y.S.2d 790). Moreover, we note in any event that defendants did not in fact offer into evidence the log book page containing plaintiff's report of her fall.
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.