Opinion
Civil No. 11-0083 IEG (WVG)
12-15-2011
DARRYL LEE DUNSMORE, CDCR # AD-6237, Plaintiff, v. SAN DIEGO COUNTY SHERIFF'S DEP'T, et al. Defendants.
ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF'S MOTION TO ALTER OR AMEND JUDGMENT
[ECF No. 46]
I. PROCEDURAL HISTORY
On January 14, 2011, Plaintiff, a state inmate currently incarcerated at the California State Prison located in Lancaster, California, and proceeding pro se, filed a civil rights Complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. In his original Complaint, Plaintiff alleges that his constitutional rights were violated when he was housed in the San Diego Central Jail. In addition, Plaintiff filed a Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis (IFP) pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a). The Court granted Plaintiff's Motion to Proceed IFP and sua sponte dismissed his Complaint for failing to state a claim pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2)(B) & 1915A(b). See Mar. 1, 2011 Order at 5-6. Plaintiff was granted leave to file an Amended Complaint in order to correct the deficiencies of pleading identified by the Court. Id. Plaintiff filed his First Amended Complaint on April 8, 2011. Plaintiff also filed a number of miscellaneous motions, along with four Motions for Temporary Restraining Order.
The Court, once again, screened Plaintiff's First Amended Complaint and ruled on all pending motions. See May 17, 2011 Order at 1-8. The Court took note of the fact that Plaintiff was adding new claims pertaining to allegations arising from the time Plaintiff was incarcerated at the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility ("Donovan"). Id. at 3. The Court denied Plaintiff's Motion for Appointment of Counsel, denied his Motions for a Temporary Restraining Order and dismissed his First Amended Complaint for failing to state a claim upon which § 1983 relief could be granted. Id. at 8. Plaintiff, once again, was granted leave to file an Amended Complaint in order to correct the deficiencies of pleading identified by the Court. Id.
On August 2, 2011, Plaintiff filed his Second Amended Complaint ("SAC"), along with a renewed Motion for Appointment of Counsel. Plaintiff also filed a renewed Motion for Temporary Restraining Order, along with two Motions for Relief from Judgment pursuant to FED.R.CIV.P. 60(b). The Court denied Plaintiff's Motion for Appointment of Counsel, Motion for Temporary Restraining Order, as well as Plaintiff's two Motions for Relief from Judgment. See Nov. 8, 2011 Order at 1-10. In addition, the Court conducted a sua sponte screening of Plaintiff's Second Amended Complaint which was dismissed for failing to state a claim upon which relief could be granted without leave to amend. Id. at 10.
Plaintiff has now brought a "Motion to Alter or Amend Judgment" pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 59(e) [ECF No. 46].
II. PLAINTIFF'S MOTION
A. Grounds
Plaintiff seeks reconsideration pursuant to Rule 59 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure of the Court's November 8, 2011 Order dismissing his Second Amended Complaint for failing to state a claim. (See Pl.'s Mot. [ECF No. 46] at 1-4.). Specifically, Plaintiff claims that Defendants were deliberately indifferent to his serious medical needs, they discriminated and relatiated against him, and they impeded his ability to exhaust his administrative remedies. (Id. at 1-2.)
B. Standard of Review
If a motion to reconsider is filed within [28] days of the district court's order on the motion to strike and/or dismiss, the court will treat the motion as a Rule 59(e) motion. Zamani v. Carnes, 491 F.3d 990, 997 (9th Cir. 2007) (citing Circuit City Stores, Inc. v. Mantor, 417 F.3d 1060, 1064 (9th Cir. 2005)). A Rule 59(e) motion is properly granted "if the district court (1) is presented with newly discovered evidence, (2) committed clear error or the initial decision was manifestly unjust, or (3) if there is an intervening change in controlling law." Dixon v. Wallowa County, 336 F.3d 1013, 1022 (9th Cir. 2003).
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 59(b) and 59(e) provide that the time for filing a motion for new trial or to alter or amend a judgment must be filed "no later than 28 days after the entry of the judgment." FED.R.CIV.P. 59(b), (e).
"A motion for reconsideration under Rule 59(e) should not be granted, absent highly unusual circumstances." McQuillion v. Duncan, 342 F.3d 1012, 1014 (9th Cir. 2003). This type of motion seeks "a substantive change of mind by the court." Tripati v. Henman, 845 F.2d 205, 206 n.1 (9th Cir. 1988) (quoting Miller v. Transamerican Press, Inc., 709 F.2d 524, 526 (9th Cir. 1983)). Most significantly in relation to Plaintiff's case, "motions to reconsider are not vehicles permitting the unsuccessful party to 'rehash' arguments previously presented." United States v. Navarro, 972 F. Supp. 1296, 1299 (E.D. Cal. 1997) (rejecting "after thoughts" and "shifting of ground" as appropriate grounds for reconsideration under FED.R.CIV.P. 59(e)).
C. Application to Plaintiff's Case
First, Plaintiff challenges the Court's findings that he failed to state an Eighth Amendment deliberate indifference to a serious medical need claim. Plaintiff's alleged in his Second Amended Complaint that jail officials were often untimely by one to three days in providing him with "embrel" injections. (SAC at 3.) The Court found that Plaintiff's claims of a "pattern of negligence" did not rise to the level of a constitutional violation. (See Nov. 8, 2011 Order citing Pl.'s SAC at 3.) Plaintiff argues in his Motion that the Court should have found this "course of neligence" to rise to the level of deliberate indifference. (Pl.'s Mot. at 6.) However, as the Court found, "inadequate treatment due to malpractice, or even gross negligence does not amount to a constitutional violation." Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 106; Wood v. Housewright, 900 F.2d 1332, 1334 (9th Cir. 1990)). Plaintiff has not shown how the Court's conclusion was "clear error" or "manifestly unjust." Dixon, 336 F.3d at 1022.
Plaintiff also objects to the Court's dismissal of Sheriff Kolender and Warden Neotti on grounds of respondeat superior. "A plaintiff must plead that each Government-official defendant, through the official's own individual actions, has violated the constitution." Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1948 (2009). Here, in Plaintiff's Motion, he argues that "directly notified" both Kolender and Neotti but offers no other specific facts as to how they violated his constitutional rights. (See Pl.'s Mot. at 7-8.) He seems to suggest that he contacted both of these Defendants through the grievance process but does not supply any facts to show that either of these Defendants were actually aware of the claims made by Plaintiff. Again, Plaintiff has not shown how the Court's conclusion was "clear error" or "manifestly unjust." Dixon, 336 F.3d at 1022.
Plaintiff further claims that the Court should have permitted him to proceed on his Americans with Disabilities Act ("ADA"). It was not clear to the Court that Plaintiff was attempting to allege these claims in his Second Amended Complaint but even if that was his intent, he did not allege any facts to support such a claim. The Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C. § 12132, applies in the prison context. See 42 U.S.C. § 12131(1)(B); Pennsylvania Dep't of Corrections v. Yeskey, 524 U.S. 206 (1998) (holding that state prisons fall squarely within the ADA's Title II's statutory definition of "public entity," which includes "any ... instrumentality of a State ... or local government.")
In order to state a claim under Title II of the ADA, however, a plaintiff must allege:
(1) he 'is an individual with a disability;' (2) he 'is otherwise qualified to participate in or receive the benefit of some public entity's services, programs, or activities;' (3) he 'was either excluded from participation in or denied the benefits of the public entity's services, programs, or activities, or was otherwise discriminated against by the public entity;' and (4) 'such exclusion, denial of benefits, or discrimination was by reason of [his] disability.'O'Guinn v. Lovelock Correctional Center, 502 F.3d 1056, 1060 (9th Cir. 2007) (citing McGary v. City of Portland, 386 F.3d 1259, 1265 (9th Cir. 2004) (quoting Thompson v. Davis, 295 F.3d 890, 895 (9th Cir. 2002) (per curiam)).
Assuming Plaintiff was able to allege a disability that is covered by the ADA, Plaintiff must also be able to allege facts sufficient to show that he was discriminated against because of his physical disability. There are no allegations that Plaintiff was discriminated against because of his alleged disability. See Simmons v. Navajo County, Ariz. 609 F.3d 1011, 1022 (9th Cir. 2010). There are simply no factual allegations to support an ADA claim in Plaintiff's Second Amended Complaint.
Finally, Plaintiff objects to the Court's conclusion that Plaintiff may not have properly exhausted his administrative grievances prior to bringing this action as required by 42 U.S.C. § 1997e. The Court did not dismiss on those grounds, thus no modification as to those findings is necessary.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e) does not permit reconsideration merely because Plaintiff is unhappy with the judgment, frustrated by the Court's application of the facts to binding precedent or because he disagrees with the ultimate decision. See 11 Charles Alan Wright & Arthur R. Miller Federal Practice & Procedure 2d § 2858 (Supp. 2009) (citing Edwards v. Velvac, Inc., 19 F.R.D. 504, 507 (D. Wis. 1956)). Accordingly, Plaintiff's Motion to Alter or Amend its November 8, 2011 Order must be denied. See FED.R.CIV.P. 59(e). III. CONCLUSION AND ORDER
Good cause appearing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:
1. Plaintiff's Motion to Alter or Amend Judgment [ECF No. 46] pursuant to FED.R.CIV.P. 59(e) is DENIED.
2. The Court CERTIFIES that an IFP appeal from this Order would also be frivolous and therefore, not taken in good faith pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3). See Coppedge v. United States, 369 U.S. 438, 445 (1962); Gardner v. Pogue, 558 F.2d 548, 550 (9th Cir. 1977) (indigent appellant is permitted to proceed IFP on appeal only if appeal would not be frivolous).
IT IS SO ORDERED.
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HON. IRMA E. GONZALEZ, Chief Judge
United States District Court