Opinion
07-30-1900
CORNELL v. REDROW.
William I. Garrison and U. S. Styron, for complainant. William F. Rex and Frederick A. Rex, for defendant
Suit by Allen Cornell against William Redrow, praying for an accounting, dissolution of a partnership, and appointment of a receiver. Order for an accounting made.
William I. Garrison and U. S. Styron, for complainant.
William F. Rex and Frederick A. Rex, for defendant
GREY, V. C. (orally). The questions in dispute are, I think, sufficiently easy of solution to be determined at once. The bill alleges the existence of a partnership between the complainant and the defendant, and that the complainant was by the defendant unjustly forced out of his rights in the enjoyment of the partnership, and in the ascertainment of the profits which were to come to him as a partner, and prays that the partnership may be declared void (I presume that means that it may be dissolved), and that an accounting may be had, and a receiver appointed, with a further prayer that the defendant may be decreed to pay the balance found to be due, and also a prayer for an injunction (which has never been specially asked for) against the conduct of the business by the defendant, and a further prayer for any general relief to which the complainant may be entitled.
So far as there is any claim that there was a partnership, it is manifest that the complainant has wholly failed to prove any such relation. There is no claim that the parties made any written agreement on the subject. The complainant says that they did agree to enter into a partnership. The defendant explicitly denies that there ever was any such agreement or undertaking. No other proof supports the contention that there was an agreement for a partnership. This situation of the proofs would defeat the complainant's right to a decree, because he has the burden to show that there was a partnership. There are other incidents of proof which touch upon the question of partnership, and all support the statement of the defendant that there was no partnership agreement. It is proved by both parties that when the business association was commenced all the property stood and continued to stand in Mr. Redrow's name, and he was to collect and hold all the moneys paid into the business,—the complainant says, because of a special agreement to that effect; the defendant says, because he alone was conducting the business. There is no dispute that the complainant was by the agreement to receive a weekly payment of five dollars, and it is quite evident that that sum was in the nature of compensation for services, and not for an additional or greater share of the profits. Mr. Cornell testifies that, in addition to the five dollars per week, it was agreed that he should have one-half of the profits of the business. The defendant admits that Cornell was, by the agreement between them, to have a share in the profits. He does not name what share, but he does not contradict Cornell's statement that it was agreed to be one-half of the profits. I think it should be taken to be established that there was an agreement between these parties whereby Cornell was employed for a compensation to be rendered him of five dollars per week, and also one-half of the profits, if any, arising from the conduct of the business. But such an agreement does not in itself create between the parties the relation of partner ship. The participation was not in the profits as such. The arrangement was simply a mode of ascertaining what compensation should be paid to an employé. The complainant made no proof that he was to share in the losses. When I asked him the question whether he was, by the agreement, to share in the losses of the business, it seemed to him an entirely novel proposition, which he had never before considered. His understanding, evidently, was that Redrow was carrying on the business at his own risk, and was to compensate him (Cornell) for his services by a weekly payment and a share of the profits, if any were made. The testimony of the defendant is substantially to the same effect. This shows that there was neither in fact nor in law any partnership. The contract between the parties was that of employer and employé, and the arrangement as to profit sharing was, as stated, merely a mode of ascertaining the complainant's compensation. Both sides agree that compensation was to be made to Mr. Cornell for his services, and that this compensation depended to some extent upon the profits of the business. The law on the point is expounded in the opinion of Chancellor Zabriskie in Hargrave v. Conroy, 19 N. J. Eq. 283, who declares that a contract for the compensation out of a portion of the profits of one who is not a principal, and has no control of the business nor power as a partner does not make him a partner. On this point this case has been cited with approval by the court of appeals. Wild v. Davenport, 48 N. J. Law, 132, 7 Atl. 295. In the case in hand, Redrow owned the property, kept the bank account in his own name, and carried on the business in his own name. The attempt to show that it was done for a few weeks in Cornell's name was a failure. Redrow discharged Cornell when and as he chose, and Cornell accepted his discharge. All the facts proven go to show an employment, and not an association as partners.
The complainant has failed to sustain his assertion of a right to an accounting because he and the defendant were partners. But the facts proven and admitted are sufficient, under the general prayer, to give the complainant a claim to equitable relief, by way of discovery, and the taking of an account to ascertain whether there were any profits which he is entitled to share. Hargrave v. Conroy, 19 N. J. Eq. 284. In that case it appeared on the face of the pleadings that the complainant had actually received all he was entitled to, and for that reason his bill was dismissed; but the right of a party whose compensation depended upon profit sharing to file a bill for an accounting, to ascertain whether there were any profits, and how much, was distinctly asserted. In McAndrew v. Walsh, 31 N. J. Eq. 341, the court of appeals referred to the opinion of Chancellor Zabriskie that one who has a contract for compensation by relation to a share of profits is entitled to maintain a bill for an accounting in the first instance, without bringing an action at law;but inasmuch as the point was not raised by the case under consideration, the court of appeals did not decide the question. The opinion of Chancellor Zabriskie therefore stands as the practice of this court, and is, in my view, a correct statement of the manner in which a party entitled to a definite share in the unknown profits of a business should proceed to obtain his rights. Suing at law before ascertaining whether there were profits, and to what amount, his claim would lack the elements of certainty which the law courts require. An accounting of all the transactions of the business would be necessary, and this the mode of procedure in those courts is unfitted to accomplish. In the case now before me it clearly appears that by the contract the complainant was entitled to a share in the profits of the business. Mr. Redrow, who was the employer, was bound to pay his employé his share of the profits; and, if that payment involved a statement of his business dealings, he was bound to have furnished his employé such a statement, to show whether there were any profits. That obligation was not satisfied by Mr. Redrow's remark, to the complainant, "You can come and look at the books." The defendant has not yet rendered an account which the complainant should be compelled to accept as a showing whether there have been any profits of the business.
Upon the whole case, the complainant has failed to show any partnership; and, as that constituted the gravamen of his bill, he should have no costs against the defendant up to this stage of the proceedings. The defendant, having been charged in the bill as a partner, has some excuse for not having accounted as an employer under contract to share profits by way of compensation; and I will therefore retain the cause, and give him a further day for such an accounting. If, within 30 days from the date of an order to be made and served upon him or his solicitor, he shall serve upon the complainant or his solicitor an account showing the profits of the business up to the time the complainant was discharged from his employment, or the fact that there were no profits, then the defendant, if his account is accepted or maintained, will not be subjected to costs. If he fails so to do, the matter will be sent to a master to state such an account, and costs will remain subject to the further order of the court.
There was a statement upon a little memorandum (Exhibit 61) of some items of a stock of goods on hand on May 1st, to the total amount of $159.83. The same item appears in one of the defendant's books under the head, "Mr. Redrow Commenced Business," etc. That memorandum (Exhibit 61) and the entry and the testimony all agree that the material mentioned was on hand at the time Redrow took the business, and that it had been the property of Mr. Cornell. Mr. Redrow's testimony does not say that this stock on hand was conveyed to him by the second bill of sale. It is not mentioned in that bill of sale, and Mr. Redrow, in his testimony, states that this stock remained on hand there, and went into the business. Whether that means that that stock was sold, and that the credits of the sale thereof went on Redrow's books and became his property, I cannot say. It may have been that Mr. Cornell, who was in charge at that time, and continued to be for some time afterwards, with only an occasional visit from Mr. Redrow, sold that $159.83 worth of stock, and retained the proceeds.
Mr. Rex: Mr. Redrow did not say that all he took possession of was on that bill of sale. He said he did take possession of that, and this also.
The Vice Chancellor: I will not pass Judgment upon any of these possibly disputable matters. It may be that a statement of account may be rendered, which the parties may voluntarily accept, and thus end this litigation. I will advise an order such as is above indicated.