Opinion
October 6, 1952.
November 12, 1952.
Criminal law — Larceny — Possession of personal property — Charge or custody of employe — Evidence — Accessories before the fact.
1. Where it appeared that defendants, who had contracted with a company to purchase its scrap materials, in consideration of money paid to an employe who was in charge of the company's salvage yard, received scrap materials which had been systematically short weighed or not weighed at all, it was Held that (1) the company had possession of the scrap and the employe was a mere custodian; and (2) both the employe and defendants were equally guilty of larceny.
2. Commonwealth v. Kimmel, 172 Pa. Super. 76, followed.
3. Accessories before the fact are subject to trial and conviction as principals upon indictments which directly charge them with the crime of larceny.
Appeals — Criminal law — Conviction on several counts of indictment — Sentence on only one count — Appellate review — Charge of trial judge as to other counts.
4. Where separate verdicts of guilty are rendered on each count of an indictment containing several counts, and sentence is imposed on one count and suspended on the other counts, on appeal the appellate court will confine its review to the question whether defendant was properly convicted of the offense charged in the count upon which he was sentenced.
5. In such case, the appellate court does not reach a contention that the trial court erred in omitting to charge that defendant could be convicted for either the offense charged in the count upon which he was sentenced or an offense charged in another count but not for both crimes.
Before RHODES, P.J., HIRT, RENO, DITHRICH, ROSS, ARNOLD and GUNTHER, JJ.
Appeals, Nos. 135 to 138, incl., Oct. T., 1952, from judgments of Court of Quarter Sessions of Lancaster County, Dec. T., 1950, Nos. 38, 39 and 40 and Sept. Sessions, 1950, Nos. 233a, 233b and 234, in cases of Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Jacob J. Miller, Same v. Robert L. Miller and Same v. Jacob I. Miller, Robert L. Miller and Frank E. Hauck. Judgments and sentences affirmed.
Indictments charging defendants with conspiracy, and fraudulent conversion, larceny and receiving stolen goods. Before SCHAEFFER, P.J.
Verdicts of guilty on all charges; judgments of sentence entered on charges of larceny and conspiracy, and sentence suspended as to other charges. Defendants appealed.
W. Hensel Brown, for appellants.
Paul A. Mueller, with him William C. Storb, First Assistant District Attorney, and John W. Beyer, District Attorney, for appellee.
Argued October 6, 1952.
Appellants, Jacob J. Miller and his son Robert L. Miller were indicted in two separate bills charging fraudulent conversion, larceny and receiving stolen goods. With Frank E. Hauck, who pleaded guilty, they were indicted for conspiracy. They were convicted of all the crimes charged, and were sentenced for larceny and conspiracy. Sentences for fraudulent conversion and receiving were suspended.
The cases grew out of transactions involving scrap materials of the Armstrong Cork Company, similar to those described in Com. v. Kimmel, 172 Pa. Super. 76, 92 A.2d 247, and in general follow that factual pattern. Jacob J. Miller was the president and Robert L. Miller the secretary-treasurer of the Miller Junk and Waste Company, a corporation which had a contract with the Armstrong Cork Company to purchase its scrap materials. From the testimony the jury could and did find that, in consideration of money regularly paid to Hauck, who was in charge of Armstrong's salvage yard, appellants received scrap materials which had been systematically short weighed or not weighed at all.
Since sentence was suspended for fraudulent conversion and receiving, we confine our review to the question whether appellants were properly convicted of larceny, the only count of the first indictment upon which they were sentenced. Com. ex rel. Holly v. Ashe, 368 Pa. 211, 82 A.2d 244; Com. v. Blose, 160 Pa. Super. 165, 50 A.2d 742. And, because the court below sentenced only for larceny, we do not reach the contention that the court erred in omitting to charge that appellants could be convicted for either larceny or receiving but not for both crimes. Com. v. Bitler, 133 Pa. Super. 268, 2 A.2d 493.
For the most part, appellants' contentions virtually duplicate those advanced in Com. v. Kimmel, supra, and much of what we held there applies with equal force to these appeals. In a very true sense the two cases are companions and should be read together. Hauck did not have possession of the scrap; Armstrong had possession; and Hauck was a mere custodian. When he, pursuant to the corrupt agreement, delivered scrap material to appellants by short weighing or without weighing it, he converted it to his own use and was guilty of larceny. And appellants, who joined in his nefarious enterprise, aided and abetted him, paid him for his felonious taking, acted in concert with him to execute a collusive criminal design, took and carried the loot away, were equally guilty of larceny. Com. v. Ott, 154 Pa. Super. 647, 36 A.2d 838; Com. v. Hollister, 157 Pa. 13, 27 A. 386; Com. v. Petro, 115 Pa. Super. 388, 176 A. 46. Cf. Com. v. Strantz, 328 Pa. 33, 195 A. 75. Certainly, appellants were accessories before the fact, and as such were subject to trial and conviction as principals upon indictments which directly charged them with the crime of larceny. Act of June 24, 1939, P. L. 872, § 1105, as amended, 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 5105; Com. v. Jones, 97 Pa. Super. 417; Com. v. Weldon, 159 Pa. Super. 447, 48 A.2d 98.
For the reasons stated in Com. v. Kimmel, supra, the decision in Com. v. Wadley, 169 Pa. Super. 490, 83 A.2d 417, upon which these appellants also rely, is without application to this appeal.
The judgments and sentences are affirmed; the record is remitted to the court below; and it is ordered that appellant, Jacob J. Miller, appear in the court below at such time as he may be there called and that he be by that court committed until he shall have complied with the sentences of the court, or any part thereof, which have not been performed at the time the appeals in this case were made a supersedeas.
Upon his own motion the supersedeas was vacated as to Robert L. Miller and he began serving his sentence on May 19, 1952.