Opinion
Docket No. 132819.
Decided October 19, 1992, at 10:05 A.M. Leave to appeal sought.
Lakin, Worsham Victor, P.C. (by Sanford N. Lakin and Larry A. Smith), for the plaintiffs.
Saul A. Green, Corporation Counsel, and Ellen E. Mason, Assistant Corporation Counsel, for the defendants.
Before: JANSEN, P.J., and MICHAEL J. KELLY and GRIFFIN, JJ.
This appeal is from a September 7, 1990, grant of summary disposition in favor of defendant Wayne County. This Court ordered the matter held in abeyance pending the Supreme Court decision in Li v Feldt ( After Second Remand), 439 Mich. 457; 487 N.W.2d 127 (1992). The issue to be decided is whether the median area of a divided highway is part of the roadway, required to be maintained in a reasonably safe condition, and for which the governmental agency is not entitled to immunity.
That opinion is not helpful in the disposition of this case.
In Roy v Transportation Dep't, 428 Mich. 330; 408 N.W.2d 783 (1987), the Supreme Court set forth the highway exception to governmental immunity, MCL 691.1402; MSA 3.996(102).
On May 21, 1988, Nicholas M. Coluccelli and his wife, Olga Coluccelli, were driving south on Greenfield Road in the City of Dearborn, approaching the intersection of Ford Road. This stretch of Greenfield Road is a six-lane divided highway. The three northbound and the three southbound lanes are divided by a twenty-one-foot-wide grass median. As their vehicle approached the intersection, an unidentified passenger car traveling west on Ford Road failed to stop for a red light. Mr. Coluccelli, the driver, avoided the other car by swerving onto the median. The Coluccelli vehicle struck a guardrail and utility pole located near the center of the median. Mrs. Coluccelli was severely injured, and Mr. Coluccelli was killed. The personal representative of Mr. Coluccelli's estate and Mrs. Coluccelli thereafter filed this action against Wayne County and others, and the county was granted summary disposition on the basis of governmental immunity pursuant to MCR 2.116(C)(7) on September 7, 1990. This appeal followed.
Defendant-appellee Wayne County urges that a grass median dividing a paved highway is not part of the improved portion of the highway designed for vehicular travel. Of course it is not designed for transport in the sense of traveling from one place to another via the grassy surface except in a very narrow sense. It is for transport in a sense, however, because it is designed to hold the errant vehicle to a reduced velocity, and to permit safe stoppage therein without interference with other vehicular traffic on the abutting paved, improved surfaces.
Plaintiffs-appellants ask us to follow Detroit Bank Trust Co v State Hwy Dep't, 55 Mich. App. 131; 222 N.W.2d 59 (1974), and Hall v State Hwy Dep't, 109 Mich. App. 592; 311 N.W.2d 813 (1981). Defendant county asks us to follow Gregg v State Hwy Dep't, 435 Mich. 307; 458 N.W.2d 619 (1990). Of course we have no choice. We must follow Gregg. While we could conclude that Detroit Bank Trust Co and Hall were wrongly decided, we are not required to do so. In fact, we would prefer to say that Gregg was wrongly decided. Either way, we express hope that the Gregg decision will be revisited by the Supreme Court, or better still, the Legislature, so that government authorities in charge of highways may be held accountable for defective design and deficient maintenance of those portions of the right of way from boundary to boundary, which are designed for the movement, deceleration, and retention of motor vehicles, including foreseeable crashes and accidents. It is roundly debatable that a governmental agency should be immune from tort liability when it uses a poniard-ended guardrail in a median with foreseeable consequences, yet be responsible for damage caused by chuckholes in the traveled portion. But that is the state of the law we are required to apply since Scheurman v Transportation Dep't, 434 Mich. 619; 456 N.W.2d 66 (1990), and Gregg, supra.
We note that other panels of this Court have agreed that a grassy median is not itself a traveled portion of the roadway. McMillan v State Hwy Comm, 130 Mich. App. 630, 635; 344 N.W.2d 26 (1983), modified 426 Mich. 46; 393 N.W.2d 332 (1986); Crawford v Toyota Sales Ltd, 143 Mich. App. 232, 234; 372 N.W.2d 324 (1984).
Affirmed.
JANSEN, P.J., and GRIFFIN, J., concurred in the result only.