Summary
In Clarke v. Hughes, 108 Pa. Super. 586, 165 A. 532, we held where a pedestrian commits herself to a crossing substantially ahead of an approaching car, she has the superior right of way and it is the duty of the approaching car to stop in order to give her an opportunity to complete the crossing.
Summary of this case from Sonil et al. v. Pittsburgh Railways Co.Opinion
March 6, 1933.
April 17 1933.
Negligence — Automobile — Pedestrian — Contributory negligence — Case for jury.
In an action of trespass by a husband and wife to recover damages for personal injuries sustained by the latter, the plaintiffs' evidence disclosed that the wife, a pedestrian, approached a street intersection and that before proceeding to cross it she looked to the north and south. The wife testified that she saw an automobile about 100 feet north of the intersection approaching very slowly but saw no other cars. She stated that she started to cross the intersection and that when about two thirds of the way across, she was struck by the right front fender of the defendant's automobile, which had "dashed by" the automobile she had seen, and proceeded a distance of 60 feet after hitting her. The defendant alleged that the wife did not cross at the pedestrian crossing and that she walked into the rear of his car.
In such circumstances the question of the wife's contributory negligence was for the jury and a judgment entered on a verdict for the plaintiffs will be affirmed.
Where a pedestrian commits herself to a crossing substantially ahead of an approaching car, she has the superior right of way and it is the duty of the driver of the approaching car to stop in order to give her an opportunity to complete the crossing.
Appeal No. 17, February T., 1933, by defendant from judgment of C.P., Lackawanna County, September T., 1930, No. 1910, in the case of Daniel Clarke and Agnes Clarke, his wife v. Arthur Hughes.
Before TREXLER, P.J., KELLER, CUNNINGHAM, BALDRIGE, STADTFELD, PARKER and JAMES, JJ. Affirmed.
Trespass to recover damages for personal injuries. Before NEWCOMB, P.J.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the Superior Court.
Verdict for Daniel Clarke in the sum of $500 and for Agnes Clarke in the sum of $1,000 and judgments entered thereon. Defendant appealed.
Error assigned, among others, was refusal of defendant's motion for judgment non obstante veredicto.
Raymond Bialkowski, and with him Nicholas Dano, Jr., for appellant.
Stanley F. Coar, and with him E.A. DeLaney and David J. Reedy, for appellee.
Argued March 6, 1933.
This action was brought by Daniel Clarke and Agnes, his wife, who was 55 years of age, to recover for injuries sustained by the latter in an automobile accident, on the 6th of October, 1929, at eight o'clock in the evening, in the Borough of Jermyn.
The sole question involved is whether or not the injured woman was guilty of contributory negligence.
Mrs. Clarke had been visiting her sister, who lived on the south side of Cemetery Street, three houses from Washington Street. Intending to return to her home in Carbondale, which is north of Jermyn, she, accompanied by her sister, walked to the westerly curb line of Washington Street, where Cemetery Street terminates. They stopped, looked north and south, and saw, standing at Maple Street, one block south, a northbound street car, which Mrs. Clarke, intended to board. They also observed an automobile approaching very slowly about 100 feet north of Cemetery Street, but no other car was in sight. Mrs. Clarke attempted to cross Washington Street, and she alleges that when she was about two-thirds of the way across, she was struck by the right front fender of defendant's automobile, which had "dashed by" the automobile they had seen, and proceeded a distance of 60 feet after hitting her.
The court correctly instructed the jury that if Mrs. Clarke committed herself to the crossing substantially ahead of an approaching car, she had the superior right of way; that it was the duty of the defendant to stop in order to give her an opportunity to complete the crossing: Taylor v. P.R.T., 107 Pa. Super. 124, 163 A. 538. But if Mrs. Clarke, in a confused state of mind, walked into the rear of the car, 10 feet north of the crossing, as contended by defendant, then there could be no recovery. Of course, she was bound to use due care, but the jury could have well concluded that appellant's car was beyond the car she saw north of Washington Street when she entered the cartway. There is no evidence as to the weather or lighting conditions at the corner, or that the appellant's automobile had proper headlights. Accepting, as true, the plaintiff's testimony as to the conditions that prevailed, Mrs. Clarke had the right to assume that it was prudent to proceed and that she would not be run down by a car not then within her vision. "If there is any superior right to use the highway ...... it is with the pedestrian who is in the cartway": Gilles v. Leas, 282 Pa. 318, 321, 127 A. 774; McGurk v. Belmont et al., 297 Pa. 192, 196, 146 A. 539. In Schulte v. Yellow Cab Co., 104 Pa. Super. 130, 158 A. 184, cited by the appellant, the accident happened in the middle of the block after the plaintiff had walked 10 feet from the curb. The street was well-lighted, and the cab was going at a speed of 10 to 15 miles an hour, and moved only 5 or 6 feet after striking the plaintiff.
Nor do the physical facts discredit the plaintiff's version of the accident, as contended. The testimony that the glass in the rear of appellant's car was broken is persuasive, but is not decisive as to the cause of the accident or that the plaintiff was negligent. The manner in which the appellant operated his car, the conduct of the plaintiff, and other important facts, were in controversy and depended on oral evidence. There was no physical fact that demonstrated conclusively the correctness of the appellant's theory as to bring this case under the doctrine of "indisputable physical facts": Zimmer et al. v. Clark, 103 Pa. Super. 145, 156 A. 815. As the evidence on the part of the plaintiffs does not disclose that Mrs. Clarke failed to discharge her legal duty, the issues involved were for the jury.
Separate verdicts were rendered in favor of the plaintiffs, but only one appeal was taken. In such case, there should have been two appeals. At the argument, the appellant elected to stand on the appeal in the case of the wife. In view of our disposition of this case, the oversight is unimportant.
Judgment affirmed.